48V vs 36V Batir Golf Cart: Wanne don Jirgin Jirgin ku
Muna samun wannan tambayar akai-akai. Kuma gaskiya, don 90% na ayyukan kasuwanci suna tambaya a yau, amsar ita ce 48V. Ba saboda yana da "mafi kyau" a wasu ma'ana ba, amma saboda 36V tsarin ba a kerarre ta manyan OEMs tun 2008. Idan kana siyan sababbi, kana sayen 48V. Haƙiƙanin yanke shawara shine abin da ya faru da jiragen ruwa na 36V na yanzu, kuma ko canjin lithium yana da ma'anar kuɗi don aikin ku.
Wannan ya ce, Na kalli ƙungiyoyin sayayya suna ɓarna da kuɗi mai tsanani a ɓangarorin wannan ma'auni. Yawaita kashewa akan haɓaka ƙarfin da ba dole ba. Fahimtar abubuwan more rayuwa sannan kuma magance gazawar caja bayan watanni shida. Ƙoƙarin jujjuyawar wutar lantarki wanda ya fi tsada fiye da kuloli masu sauyawa. Ana iya hasashen kurakuran da zarar kun ga isassu.
Tazarar Fasaha a cikin Sharuɗɗan Filaye
Tsarin 48V yana jawo ƙarancin halin yanzu don isar da ƙarfi ɗaya. A 2,400 watts fitarwa, wato 50 amps a kan 66.7 amps don 36V. Ragewar halin yanzu yana nufin ƙarancin zafi a cikin wayoyi, masu kula da injin ku. Mun ga heatsinks masu sarrafawa suna gudana mai sanyaya digiri 15-20 akan saitin 48V ƙarƙashin gwajin nauyi iri ɗaya. Heat shine abin da ke kashe kayan lantarki a kan lokaci, don haka wannan yana da mahimmanci ga tsawon rayuwar jiragen ruwa.
Sauran bambancin aiki shine karfin juyi. Gudun mota a mafi girman ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara ƙarfin juzu'i da kusan 25-33%. A kan kwasa-kwasan Florida, ba za ku lura ba. A kan tudu mai tudu a cikin Carolinas ko kaddarorin hamadar Arizona tare da canje-canje masu tsayi, baƙi za su yi.
| 36V tsarin | 48V tsarin | |
|---|---|---|
| A halin yanzu a 2,400W | 66.7A | 50A |
| Ƙarfin wutar lantarki | Baseline | +25-33% |
| Range (60 Ah lithium, lebur) | 18-25 mil | 25-35 mil |
| Range (60Ah lithium, tudu) | 12-18 mil | 20-28 mil |
Abu daya da ke rikitar da mutane: "48V" lithium a zahiri yana gudana a 51.2V mara kyau saboda ƙwayoyin LiFePO4 suna aiki a 3.2V kowanne, kuma daidaitaccen fakitin yana amfani da sel 16 a jere. Yarjejeniyar suna ya rage daga gubar - kwanakin acid. Wannan yana da mahimmanci lokacin da kuke zabar caja da duba dacewar mitar SOC. Mitar da aka daidaita don gubar -Acid 48V ba zai karanta daidai akan lithium ba.
Me yasa Muka Dakatar da Shawarar 36V don Sabbin Ayyuka
Shekaru uku da suka gabata, har yanzu muna son takamaiman 36V lithium don wasu aikace-aikace. Ƙananan jiragen ruwa na al'umma, fili mai faɗi, matsalolin kasafin kuɗi. Adadin kuɗin yana da ma'ana kuma an karɓi tazarar aiki.
Wannan lissafin ya canza. Bambancin farashin tsakanin fakitin lithium 36V da 48V ya ragu zuwa kusan $400{10}}600 akan kowace cart. A halin yanzu, kasuwar sake siyar da kutunan 36V na ci gaba da raguwa yayin da masu siye ke hasashen abubuwan da ake samu na sassan gaba. Lokacin da abokin ciniki ya tambaye mu mu ƙididdige tsarin 36V a yau, muna turawa baya. Ba saboda 36V ba ya aiki, amma saboda shekaru biyar hangen nesa ya fi son daidaitawa akan 48V.
Banda shi ne ayyukan sake fasalin akan jiragen ruwa na 36V da ke da 5+ shekaru na rayuwar injina. Canza waɗancan katunan zuwa 48V da wuya yana da ma'ana (ƙari akan abin da ke ƙasa). Zuba cikin fakitin lithium na 36V da tsawaita rayuwar sabis zuwa wasu shekaru goma na iya zama kiran da ya dace.
Ilimin Tattalin Arziki na Fleet: Rubutun Watsa Labarai Wanda Ya Tabbatar da CFO ɗinmu
Zan raba ainihin samfurin TCO da muke amfani da shi a ciki, saboda lambobi suna magana da ƙarfi fiye da ra'ayi.
Zato: 10-karat rundunar jiragen ruwa, 250 aiki kwanaki / shekara, matsakaici amfani (15-20 mil kullum), gauraye ƙasa.
Jagora{0}Acid 48V Halin (shekaru 5)
Batura na farko: $10,000 ($1,000/cart × 10)
Sauya shekara ta 3: $10,000 (rayuwar zagayowar ta ƙare)
Ayyukan kulawa: $ 5,000 (shayarwa, tsaftacewa ta ƙarshe, cajin daidaitawa)
Wutar Lantarki: $6,500 (ƙananan ƙimar caji, ƙarin hawan keke)
Lokacin da ba a shirya ba: $2,500 (ƙimanta, dangane da bayanan tarihi)
Jimlar: $34,000
Halin Lithium 48V (shekaru 5)
Batura na farko: $22,000 ($2,200/cart × 10)
Sauya: $0 (rayuwar zagayowar ta wuce shekaru 5)
Aikin kulawa: $ 400 (duba tasha na lokaci-lokaci)
Wutar Lantarki: $4,000 (mafi girman inganci, ƙananan hawan keke)
Lokacin da ba a shirya ba: $ 300
Jimlar: $26,700
Ajiye yanar gizo: $7,300 sama da shekaru 5, da fakitin lithium suna riƙe 70%+ damar shekaru 6-10.
Aikin Pebble Beach ya buga irin wannan binciken bayan sun canza jirgin su 142{4}}. Sun rubuta $217,000 a cikin tanadi sama da shekaru uku, da farko daga kawar da aikin shayarwa da rage katsewar cajin tsakar rana (continentalbattery.com). Wannan kusan dala 510 ne a kowace katuka a kowace shekara a cikin tanadin aiki kaɗai.
Don manyan jiragen ruwa masu amfani da yawa da ke gudana {1} mil a kowace rana, biyan kuɗin yana ƙaruwa. Mun ga karya - ko da a farkon watanni 18 akan kaddarorin wuraren shakatawa tare da tsarin amfani mai tsauri.
Tambayar Ƙarfi Babu Wanda Yayi Daidai
Voltage yana samun duk hankali. Zaɓin ƙarfin aiki shine inda ƙungiyoyin sayayya a zahiri ke asarar kuɗi.
Fakitin 150Ah akan kwas mai ramuka 18 mai fa'ida da ke tafiyar mil 25 a kowace rana babban hasara ne. Kuna biyan kuɗin da ba za ku taɓa amfani da shi ba. Akasin haka, fakitin 60Ah a kan wani wurin shakatawa mai tudu wanda ke gudana tsawon sa'o'i zai bar baƙi a makale kuma ma'aikatan suna yin yunƙurin cajin juyawa.
Lissafin ba shi da wahala. Taswirar ainihin abin da ake buƙata na nisan tafiyarku na yau da kullun. Ƙara 25% buffer don lalacewa da kwanakin buƙatu mafi girma. Daidaita zuwa matakin iya aiki.
Darussan Golf (misali 18-rami, zagaye 3-4/rana):80-105Ah yana sarrafa yawancin ayyuka. Dutsen ƙasa yana matsawa zuwa mafi girma.
Wuraren shakatawa/asibiti (tsawon sa'o'i, wurare daban-daban):105-135Ah yana ba da ɗakin kai mai aiki na kwanaki 12+ ba tare da cajin tsaka-tsaki ba.
Al'ummomin da suka yi ritaya, dakunan karatu:60-80Ah sau da yawa isasshe da aka ba da ƙananan gudu, gajerun hanyoyi, da ƙirar ƙira.
Aikace-aikacen masana'antu/mai amfani:135Ah+ don duk lokacin aiki na rana{2} da nauyi mai nauyi.
Yaduwar farashin yana da mahimmanci:
Fakitin 60Ah suna gudanar da $1,400-1,800 akan kowace cart{4}}Ah fakitin suna gudu $2,200-2,800. 150Ah fakitin suna gudu $3,200-4,000. Kada ku sayi 150Ah lokacin da 105Ah ya rufe ambulaf ɗin ku. Wannan shine $10,{15}} a cikin kashe kuɗin da ba dole ba akan jirgin ruwa mai ɗaukar kaya 10.
Tarkon Juya Da Muke Ci Gaba Da Gargadi Mutane Akan
Wani a cikin ƙungiyar ku zai ba da shawarar canza kulolin 36V zuwa 48V "tun muna haɓakawa zuwa lithium ta wata hanya." Wannan yana da ma'ana kuma kusan koyaushe kuskure ne.
Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na cascade suna sa tattalin arziƙin tuba ya yi muni. Ba za ku iya musanya batura kawai ba. Motar tana rauni don 36V kuma zata yi zafi akan 48V cikin makonni. Mai sarrafawa ba zai iya sarrafa bambancin wutar lantarki ba. Za a iya rage girman wayoyi da ke da yanzu don ƙarin ƙarfin fitarwar lithium.
Haqiqa farashin canji na kullu: |
|
|---|---|
| 48V lithium kunshin | $1,800 – 2,500 |
| Sabon mota | $400 – 800 |
| Sabon mai sarrafawa | $250 – 450 |
| Haɓaka wayoyi | $100 – 200 |
| Caja | $200 – 350 |
| Aiki | $200 – 400 |
Jimlar: $2,950-4,700 kowace keke, ba tare da wani rikitarwa ba.
Katin 48V da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin kyakkyawan yanayi yana gudanar da $4,000-6,500. Sabbin kulolin jiragen ruwa suna farawa kusan $7,000-9,000 tare da garantin masana'anta. Hanyar juyowa kawai fensir ne lokacin da firam ɗin ku da abubuwan da aka dakatar da ku suna da ragowar rayuwa kuma kuna canzawa akan sikelin don daidaita farashin saiti.
Na yi magana da ayyukan da suka yi ƙoƙarin canza wutar lantarki ba tare da haɓaka kayan aikin ba. Rubutun dandalin suna da koyarwa. Wani mai amfani da Cartaholics ya bayyana kwarewarsa bayan shigar da batura 48V akan motar Club Club ta 36V: zafi mai zafi akan kowane tudu, mai sarrafawa yana rufewa a ranakun zafi, kuma a ƙarshe lissafin gyaran $1,200 na watanni uku a ciki. Mai kera baturin ya musanta ikirarin garanti saboda an rubuta rashin daidaiton wutar lantarki a cikin sharuɗansu.
Abin da Ake Ciki Ba daidai ba (Daga Tallafin Tikiti da Rubutun Forum)
Kayayyakin tallan ba su rufe hanyoyin gazawa. Waɗannan su ne batutuwan da muke gani akai-akai a jigilar kayayyaki:
Saitunan baturi masu yawa 12V.
Abokan ciniki suna ƙoƙarin adana kuɗi ta hanyar gudanar da fakitin lithium 12V guda uku a jere maimakon fakitin 36V ko 48V da aka haɗa guda ɗaya. Wannan yana haifar da daidaita ma'aunin mafarki. Ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun fasaha a kan dandalin Cartaholics ya sanya shi a hankali: "Ya kamata ku sayi baturi 36V, ba baturan 3 × 12V ba. Kowane fitarwa / sake zagayowar caji zai ga ƙarfin fakitin ya ragu" saboda bambancin tsufa na cell a fadin fakitoci. A cikin watanni shida, zaku sami fakiti ɗaya yana iyakance sauran.
Rashin jituwar caja.
Lead{0}Acid caja zai lalata fakitin lithium. Layin cajin ba daidai ba ne, ƙarfin ƙarewa ba daidai ba ne, kuma wasu caja na gubar -acid suna amfani da madaidaicin bugun jini wanda zai iya haifar da rufewar BMS. Mun ga an musanta da'awar garanti musamman saboda abokan ciniki sun yi amfani da caja na yanzu maimakon siyan lithium na musamman{4}}.
Wiring kwalabe.
Fakitin lithium na iya isar da halin yanzu mafi girma nan take fiye da gubar -acid. Ƙimar waya ta asali don gubar - ƙimar fitar da acid yana haifar da raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a ƙarƙashin kaya. Alamar tana kama da baturi mai rauni (hannun hanzari, asarar wutar lantarki akan tsaunuka) amma baturin yana da kyau. Kebul ɗin shine takura. Wannan ya zama ruwan dare musamman akan tsofaffin katuna inda lalata ta ƙara juriyar madugu.
Makullin yanayin barci.
Wasu sassan BMS suna shiga yanayin barci bayan sa'o'i 18-24 ba tare da aiki ba. Ayyuka na lokaci-lokaci waɗanda ke adana kuloli na makonni tsakanin amfani suna dawowa zuwa fakiti waɗanda ba za su farka ba tare da takamaiman hanyar sake saiti. Bincika halayen BMS yayin daɗaɗɗen ajiya kafin siye.
SOC mita rudani.
Wannan ga alama ƙarami har sai baƙo ya ɗaure keken keke saboda mita yana karanta 40% lokacin da ainihin ƙarfin ya kasance 5%. Gubar -Madaidaicin wutar lantarki na acid ya bambanta da lithium. Ma'aunin karya. Ko dai musanya da na'urar lithium - ko ma'aikatan jirgin kasa don yin watsi da ma'aunin da ke akwai gaba ɗaya.
Sharuɗɗan Zaɓin Mai siyarwa waɗanda Ake Mahimmanci
The lithium golf cart baturikasuwa yana cike da farar fata{0}}kayayyakin alamar alama daga ɗimbin masana'antun Sinawa. Bambance tsakanin dillalai yana buƙatar duba ƙayyadaddun kanun labarai da suka gabata.
- Sharuɗɗan garanti.Shin garantin yana ɗaukar amfani da kasuwanci a sarari, ko akwai keɓantawa da aka binne a cikin kyakkyawan bugu? Menene tsarin da'awar? Yana rufe aiki ko kawai sassa? Ɗaya daga cikin masana'anta da muka kimanta garantin da ba a warware ba idan cajin halin yanzu ya wuce 43 amps, wanda a sauƙaƙe ya wuce tare da manyan caja{1}.
- Bayanan Bayani na BMS.Daidaitawar kwayar halitta mai aiki a 200mA+ yana da mahimmanci don aikace-aikacen kasuwanci inda kuraye ke gudanar da zagayowar fitar da sassa akai-akai. Matsakaicin wucewa yana aiki lafiya don amfanin mabukaci tare da cikakken cajin yau da kullun. Yana kasawa a tsarin kasuwanci. Hakanan tabbatar da ƙarancin kariyar cajin zafi ({5}} yana hana caji ƙasa da digiri 32 F, wanda ke haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin).
- Hanyar gwajin rayuwa."Zazzagewa 3,000" na nufin abubuwa daban-daban dangane da yanayin gwaji. A wane zurfin fitarwa? Menene kewayon zafin jiki? Nemi takaddun ƙa'idar gwaji. Masu sana'a masu daraja za su samar da shi.
- Bayanan lissafi.Duk wani mai siyar da siyar da jiragen ruwa na kasuwanci yakamata ya haɗa ku da ayyuka guda 2{4}} 3 masu kamanta. Tambayi waɗannan nassoshi musamman game da ƙwarewar da'awar garanti. Ayyukan samfur yana da sauƙi don tabbatarwa. Ingancin tallafin tallace-tallace yana bayyana kansa kawai lokacin da wani abu ya faru.
| Mai ƙira | Garanti | Zagayowar da aka bayyana | Matsayin Yanayin sanyi | Shirin Kasuwanci |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trojan | shekara 10 | 3,500-5,000 | Daidaitawa | Cibiyar sadarwar dila, nazarin shari'ar jiragen ruwa |
| RELION | shekara 10 | 3,500+ | Daidaitawa | IP67 rated, ƙungiyar tallafin jiragen ruwa |
| Allied Lithium | 8 shekara | 3,000-5,000 | Daidaitawa | BMS na Bluetooth, tallace-tallace na yanki |
| BigBattery | shekara 12 | 3,500+ | Daidaitawa | Akwai OEM, ƙima mai ƙarfi/kWh |
| Dakota Lithium | shekara 11 | 2,000-5,000 | -20 digiri F | Mafi kyau ga yanayin arewa |
Rangwamen jiragen ruwa yawanci yana gudana kashi 15-25% akan farashin da aka buga don oda na raka'a 20+. Tattaunawa. Iyaka akan fakitin lithium suna tallafawa ragi mai ma'ana a girma.
Tsarin Tsare-tsaren Da Muke Amfani Da Gaskiya
Don sabbin tura jiragen ruwa:
48V lithium, mai girma zuwa ambulaf ɗin aiki tare da buffer 25%. Kar a kori iyakar iya aiki. Kar a yarda da mafi ƙarancin iya aiki. Daidaita aikace-aikacen.
Don jiragen ruwa na 36V na yanzu tare da ragowar injiniyoyi:
36V lithium retrofit, fakitin hadedde guda ɗaya (ba raka'a 12V masu yawa a cikin jerin ba), tare da maye gurbin caja wanda aka haɗa cikin iyakokin aikin.
Domin jiragen ruwa na 36V da ke akwai suna gabatowa ƙarshen -na{2}}:
Sauya da kuloli 48V maimakon juyawa. Tattalin arzikin ya fi son maye gurbin.
Don gaurayawan jiragen ruwa:
Daidaita wutar lantarki ɗaya idan zai yiwu. Kula da kayan caja guda biyu, rafukan sassa biyu, da ka'idojin horo guda biyu yana haifar da aiki sama-sama wanda ke kawar da tanadi daga daidaitawar wutar lantarki "mafi kyawun".
Muna gudanar da shirye-shiryen matukin jirgi don abokan ciniki da ke kimanta fa'idar sauye-sauyen jirgi{0}. Katuna biyar zuwa goma, cikakken lokacin aiki, gefen{2}}ta{3}} kwatancen gefe tare da kayan aikin da ake dasu. Bayanan da aka auna daga matukin jirgin yana sanar da mafi girman yanke shawara na siye tare da ainihin lambobin aiki daga filin ku, tsarin amfani da ku, yanayin ku. Hasashen masana'anta suna da amfani. Bayanan aiki daga kayanku ya fi kyau.
Idan kuna aiki ta wannan bincike kuma kuna son yin magana ta ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai, ƙungiyar fasahar mu tana kula da waɗannan tattaunawa akai-akai. Za mu gaya muku idan lambobin ba su goyi bayan abin da kuke la'akari ba, koda kuwa hakan yana nufin ba da shawarar hana siye.
*Bayani suna nuna kimiyar LiFePO4 a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na kasuwanci tun daga farkon 2025. Farashi, ƙayyadaddun bayanai, da samuwa wanda ke ƙarƙashin canji. Ƙimar rayuwar zagayowar zagayawa dangane da gwajin masana'anta a zurfin 80% na fitarwa.*
