Batir Lithium Cart Golf: 36V vs 48V vs 72V - Guji Matsaloli

Na kasance ina sarrafa sayan baturi a Polinovel tsawon shekaru huɗu yanzu. Yawancin abin da na sani game da zaɓin wutar lantarki ya fito ne daga tsaftace kurakuran wasu. Ba ka'idar ba, ba takamaiman zanen gado ba. Haƙiƙanin abubuwan da aka gaza aiwatarwa waɗanda suka sauka akan tebur na saboda wani yana buƙatar gano abin da ba daidai ba kuma ko za mu iya ceton wani abu.

 

Don haka lokacin da manajojin jiragen ruwa suka tambaye ni wane irin ƙarfin lantarki zan ɗauka, ba na ba su daidaitaccen kwatancen duka zaɓuɓɓukan guda uku. Ina gaya musu su tafi 48V sai dai idan suna da takamaiman dalili ba. Wannan ba filin tallace-tallace ba ne. Abin da zan gaya wa ɗan'uwana - in -} idan ya kira tambaya ɗaya.

Bala'i na Haɗin 12V Series

Kafin shiga zaɓin wutar lantarki, Ina buƙatar magance wani abu da ke ci gaba da nunawa a cikin RFQs. Masu saye suna ganin batir lithium 12V 100Ah guda hudu akan Amazon akan $2,400 duka kuma suna tunanin sun sami yarjejeniya akan tsarin 48V. Wayar da su a jere, an yi, daidai?

Ba daidai ba. Kowannen waɗannan batura 12V yana da nasa BMS. Batura huɗu na nufin tsarin gudanarwa daban daban guda huɗu waɗanda basa magana da juna. Lokacin da baturin farko ya ci gaba da caji, BMS ɗinsa yana yankewa. Tasha na yanzu yana gudana ta cikin duka kirtani. Sauran batura guda uku suna zaune a can suna cajin wani bangare.

Yi wannan na ƴan watanni kuma kuna da batura huɗu masu ƙarfin ƙarfin tantanin halitta daban-daban. Tankunan iya aiki. Range ya ragu zuwa watakila 60% na abin da ya fara a. Sannan ɗayan rukunin BMS ya yanke shawarar tantanin halitta yayi ƙasa da yawa kuma yana rufe komai a tsakiyar{4}}.

Na kalli wurin shakatawa a Arizona yana tafiya daidai wannan. Katuna arba'in, $2,400 kowanne a cikin batura, da aikin shigarwa. A wata takwas sun kasance suna maye gurbin gabaɗayan rundunar tare da daidaitattun guda ɗaya{4}} fakitin 48V. "Ajiye" ya kashe su a wani wuri kusan $ 45,000 lokacin da kuka haɗa kayan aikin da aka ɓata, shigarwa sau biyu, da lokacin raguwa.

Mai amfani da dandalin tattaunawa akan Cartaholics ya sanya shi fiye da yadda zan iya:

Me yasa 48V kuma Ba Sauran ba

Masana'antar keken golf sun daidaita akan 48V a matsayin ma'auni don dalilan da basu da alaƙa da talla. Motar Club, E-Z-GO, Yamaha, duk sun koma 48V saboda injiniyan yana da ma'ana.

A 48V kuna gudana ƙananan halin yanzu don fitowar wutar lantarki iri ɗaya idan aka kwatanta da 36V. Ƙananan halin yanzu yana nufin ƙarancin zafi a cikin igiyoyi da masu haɗin kai, ƙarancin damuwa akan masu tuntuɓar, tsawon rayuwa don gogewar mota. Wani nauyin watt 1,500 yana jan kusan 31 amps a 48V da 42 amps a 36V. Wannan bambance-bambancen ya haɗu sama da dubban lokutan aiki.

Amma watakila mafi mahimmanci ga masu siyan jiragen ruwa: sassan 48V suna ko'ina. Mai kula ya mutu ranar Talata, zaku iya samun wanda zai maye gurbin zuwa ranar Alhamis daga masu kaya daban-daban guda uku. Gwada hakan tare da tsarin 72V kuma kuna kallon masu rarrabawa na musamman tare da tsawon mako{4}}lokacin jagora. Na ga yadda ake yin hayar kulolin gas akan $150/rana ana jiran abubuwan haɗin 72V su iso.

Tsarin 16S LiFePO4 (wato sel guda 16 ne a cikin jerin, 51.2V mai ƙima) yana ba ku kyakkyawan tabo na iko, samuwa, da aminci. Babu wani abu mai ban mamaki game da kiyaye shi. Wataƙila masu fasahar ku sun riga sun san dandalin.

Lokacin da 36V A Haƙiƙa Yayi Ma'ana

Ba ina cewa 36V ba shi da amfani. Domin aikace-aikacen da ya dace shine zaɓi na daidai kuma farashi kaɗan ne.

Kaddarorin da ke ƙasa da ƙasa watakila 150 acres. Katuna suna gudana awanni 4 a rana max. Fasinja ɗaya ko biyu, babu kaya mai nauyi. Jama'a na zirga-zirga inda babu wanda ke gaggawa. Gidaje masu zaman kansu inda mai shi ke fitar dashi a karshen mako.

A cikin waɗannan yanayi, tsarin 36V 100Ah (kimanin 3.6 kWh) yana ba da nisan mil 30 zuwa 40 a kan matakin ƙasa. Fiye da isa. Kuma kuna adana $500 zuwa $800 akan kowace cart tare da daidaitattun saitin 48V.

Matsalar ita ce lokacin da masu siye suka ƙididdige 36V don aikace-aikacen da a zahiri ke buƙatar 48V. Saka fasinjoji hudu da jakunkunan golf akan keken 36V, nuna shi a maki 12%, kuma kalli abin da zai faru. Mai sarrafa motar yana buƙatar karukan yanzu waɗanda zasu iya kaiwa 200 amps. Idan BMS ɗinku yana ci gaba da 150A, ko dai yana rufewa don kare kansa (yana ɗaure fasinjojin ku a tsakiyar tudu) ko kuma yana ba da damar wuce gona da iri kuma yana dafa kanta a hankali cikin watanni masu zuwa.

Ina da kira a bara daga wani manajan kadarori a wata al'umma mai tudu a Arewacin Carolina. Sun sayi 36V saboda mai siyar ya gaya musu cewa "zai yi aiki mai kyau don amfanin zama." Watanni shida a cikin, rabin rundunarsu sun sami gazawar BMS. Katunan suna tafiya lafiya akan sassan sassa amma duk lokacin da wani yayi ƙoƙarin ɗaukar gajeriyar hanyar zuwa tsaunin baya, wani abu ya karye.

Babu gyara don hakan sai dai maye gurbin fakitin da 48V. Wanda suka yi, cikin kudi mai yawa da kunya.

Tambayar 72V

Manajojin Fleet wani lokaci suna tambaya game da 72V kamar zaɓin ƙima ne wanda ke tabbatar da suna da gaske. Ƙarin volts, ƙarin iko, dole ne ya zama mafi kyau.

Ga mafi yawan aikace-aikacen cart ɗin golf, 72V ya wuce kima wanda ke haifar da matsaloli.

Ee, kuna samun ƙarin gudu. Ee, hawan tudu ba shi da wahala. Amma kuna biyan ƙarin kashi 40 zuwa 60 na cikakken tsarin da zarar kun ƙididdige masu sarrafawa masu jituwa, caja, da DC-Masu canza DC don na'urorin haɗi na 12V na ku. Sassan da ake samu ya ragu sosai. Kuma ya danganta da ikon ku, tsarin 72V na iya buƙatar ƙarin ka'idojin aminci da horar da ma'aikaci wanda 48V ba ya jawowa.

72V yana da ma'ana don takamaiman aikace-aikace. Manyan kadarori sama da kadada 500 inda ma'aikata ke buƙatar rufe ƙasa cikin sauri. Motoci masu amfani suna ɗaukar fam ɗin kayan aiki 800+ ƙetaren wuri mai tuddai don cikakken motsi. Katunan wasan kwaikwayo da aka ɗaga inda mai shi ke son matsakaicin hanzari.

Idan manyan motocinku galibi suna jigilar 'yan wasan golf a kan ingantattun hanyoyi masu fa'ida a cikin saurin al'ada, 48V ya riga ya wuce abubuwan da kuke buƙata. Je zuwa 72V yana siyan muku ƙarfin da ba a yi amfani da shi ba yayin haɓaka rikitar kulawa da farashin sassa.

Ba ina gaya muku 72V ba shi da kyau. Ina gaya muku ku tabbatar da ainihin aikin ku yana buƙatar sa kafin ku karɓi kuɗin kuɗi.

Ƙarfin: Mai Sauƙi Ba wanda Yake Tunani Game da Isasshensa

Voltage yana samun duk hankali. Sau da yawa ana ɗaukar zaɓin ƙarfin azaman tunani: kawai zaɓi wani abu a tsakiyar kewayon kuma ci gaba.

Wannan kuskure ne, saboda iya aiki kai tsaye yana shafar tsawon lokacin fakitin ku.

An ƙididdige ƙwayoyin LiFePO4 don rayuwar zagayowar a takamaiman zurfin fitarwa. Fakitin da aka ƙididdige zagayowar 3,000 a 80% DoD zai sadar da hawan keke 5,{6} idan kawai kuna fitarwa zuwa 50% akai-akai. Lissafin yana da sauƙi: hawan keke mai zurfi yana nufin rayuwa mai tsawo.

Don haka menene wannan ke nufi ga rundunar jiragen ruwa? Idan motocin ku suna gudu mil 35 kowace rana akan matsakaici:

Fakitin 48V 60Ah (2.88kWh) yana rufe wannan nisa amma yana gudana a zurfin 85 zuwa 90 bisa dari na fitarwa kowace rana. Kuna kona ta hanyar zagayowar rayuwa cikin sauri.

Fakitin 48V 105Ah (5.04 kWh) yana gudanar da wannan gudu na yau da kullun a kashi 55 zuwa 60 na DoD. Kuna iya ninka shekarun ku kafin faɗuwar ƙarfin ya zama matsala.

Kunshin 105Ah yana da ƙarin farashi a gaba. Amma idan yana da shekaru 8 maimakon 5, farashin ku a kowace shekara yana raguwa. Wannan shi ne ainihin lissafi na jiragen ruwa wanda ƙungiyoyin sayayya a wasu lokuta ke tsallakewa saboda ana kimanta su akan farashin sayan, ba tsadar rayuwa ba.

Akwai counterweight ko da yake. Babban iya aiki yana nufin fakitin nauyi. Tsarin 48V 150Ah yana auna kusan fam 60 fiye da sigar 60Ah. A kan tudu mai tsayi, wannan karin nauyin yana ƙara yawan kuzari a kowace mil, cin abinci kaɗan zuwa fa'idar ƙarfin ku.

Don kaddarorin lebur: haɓaka ƙarfin ƙarfi da ƙarfi, zaku sami cikakkiyar fa'ida.

Don kaddarorin tuddai: nemo ma'auni inda ƙarin ƙarfin aiki ya fi asarar inganci daga hukuncin nauyi. Yawancin lokaci a cikin kewayon 100 zuwa 120Ah don tsarin 48V.

Matsalar Caja

Zan rage wannan gajarta saboda kai tsaye, amma yana tayar da mutane kullum.

Lead{0}}Caja acid ba za su iya yin cajin batir lithium lafiya ba. Ko da irin ƙarfin lantarki "daidai."

Bayanan bayanan caji sun bambanta sosai. Lead{1}Acid caja yana tura ƙarfin ƙarewa sama da 60V don tsarin 48V, wanda ke ƙarfafa ƙwayoyin lithium kuma yana haɓaka lalata. Canjin LiFePO4 daidai don fakitin 48V yana ƙarewa tsakanin 55.2V da 56.8V. Tura 58.4V akai-akai zai rage rayuwar fakitin ku a fili cikin shekara guda ko biyu.

Kowane kasafin kuɗin canza lithium yana buƙatar haɗa da keɓaɓɓun caja na lithium. Wannan ba za'a iya sasantawa ba. Lokacin da dillalai suka gaya muku fakitin lithium ɗin su "yana aiki tare da caja ɗin ku," tambaye su su sanya hakan a rubuce tare da garanti wanda ke rufe lalacewa daga bayanan bayanan caji mara kyau. Kalli yadda suke saurin ja da baya.

Daidaitacce caja irin ƙarfin lantarki yana ba ku sassauci don bugawa a daidai yanke. Yi caji zuwa 55.2V don iyakar tsawon rayuwa idan ba kwa buƙatar cikakken kewayon kowace rana. Yi karo zuwa 56.8V lokacin da kuke buƙatar ƙarin ƴan kashi na iya aiki.

Ƙayyadaddun BMS waɗanda ke da mahimmanci

Lokacin kimanta masu samar da baturi, yawancin masu siye suna kallon iya aiki, ƙarfin lantarki, da farashi. Takaddun bayanai na BMS suna yin haske a cikin takaddun bayanai, amma suna tantance ko kwalayen ku suna aiki da dogaro da nauyi.

Ci gaba da fitarwa halin yanzu: Wannan shine abin da BMS ke ba da izinin dorewa. Daidaitaccen kutunan da ba a canza su ba suna buƙatar ƙaramar 150A. Katunan da aka ɗaga tare da manyan tayoyi, ko motocin amfani, suna buƙatar 200A ko fiye. Idan BMS ɗinku ya kasance ƙasa da abin da aikace-aikacenku ke buƙata, zai yanke a ƙarƙashin kaya. Yawancin lokaci a mafi munin lokacin da zai yiwu.

Mafi girman fitarwa na halin yanzu: Gajeren - tsayin tsayi lokacin haɓakawa da farawa tudu. Katunan kwalaye masu tsayi suna jan kololuwar 250A+. Motocin da aka gyaggyarawa na iya yin girma zuwa 400A ko sama da haka. BMS yana buƙatar ɗaki sama da ainihin buƙatar ku, ko kuma yana ɗaukar rufewar kariya.

Kariyar ƙarancin zafin jikiKwayoyin LiFePO4 suna lalacewa ta dindindin idan kun caje su ƙasa da daskarewa. Lithium plating yana samuwa akan anode kuma baya tafiya. BMS mai inganci ya haɗa da jin zafin jiki wanda ke toshe caji ƙasa da digiri 32 F. fakitin kasafin kuɗi wani lokacin tsallake wannan. Idan kuna aiki a cikin yanayin sanyi, tabbatar da cewa akwai wannan kariya kafin lokacin sanyi ya lalata jarin ku.

Hanyar daidaita salula: Daidaitaccen daidaitawa yana zubar da jini mai yawa daga manyan sel azaman zafi. Yana aiki amma yana ɓata kuzari kuma kawai ma'auni yayin caji. Daidaita aiki yana canza caji tsakanin sel, yana aiki yayin fitarwa kuma, yana kiyaye ma'auni mai ƙarfi akan rayuwar fakitin. Don aikace-aikacen jiragen ruwa tare da babban amfani, daidaitawa mai aiki yana tsawaita rayuwar fakitin mai amfani sosai.

Sami ainihin takaddun ƙayyadaddun BMS daga mai siyar ku, ba kawai takardar ƙayyadaddun baturi ba. Idan ba za su iya ba ko ba za su bayar ba, wannan yana gaya muku wani abu game da abin da suke ɓoyewa.

Lambobin Gaskiya akan Lithium vs Lead - Farashin Acid

Bambancin farashi na gaba tsakanin lithium da gubar -acid gaskiya ne. Saitin gubar 48V{3}} yana gudanar da $800 zuwa $1,500. Lithium kwatankwacin farashin $2,000 zuwa $3,500. Ƙungiyoyin sayayya sun mayar da hankali kan farashin sayayya suna ganin delta kuma su kai ga gubar gubar{11}}acid.

Amma farashin sayayya ba shine ainihin abin da kuke biya ba akan yanayin rayuwar kayan aiki.

Batirin gubar{0}Acid a aikace-aikacen cart ɗin golf na kasuwanci yana ɗaukar shekaru 3 zuwa 5 dangane da wahalar hawansu. Wasu jiragen ruwa suna maye gurbin a cikin shekaru 3 saboda aikin yana raguwa da rashin yarda. Wannan yana nufin siyan baturi 2 zuwa 3 akan tsawon shekaru 10 na mallakar.

Fakitin lithium tare da ingantaccen gudanarwa na DoD akai-akai ya wuce shekaru 10. Sayi daya.

Lead{0}Acid yana buƙatar kulawa kowane mako. Ruwa, tsaftacewa ta ƙarshe, cajin daidaitawa. Hoto minti 15 zuwa 20 a kowace keke a mako idan kuna yin shi da kyau. Sama da makonni 50 wato awanni 12 zuwa 17 a kowace cart a kowace shekara a cikin aiki. A $15/hour cikar lodi, kuna kashe $180 zuwa $250 kowace shekara akan keken keke kawai akan kula da baturi.

Lithium ba ya buƙatar kowane ɗayan waɗannan. Aikin kulawa da sifili.

Ƙara bambancin ƙarfin kuzari. Fakitin lithium suna da ƙarancin juriya na ciki kuma baya ɓarna ƙarfi akan cajin rashin aiki kamar yadda gubar gubar -Acid ke yi. Ya danganta da ƙimar wutar lantarki da amfani da ku, lithium yana adana $30 zuwa $60 kowace cart kowace shekara akan farashin wutar lantarki.

Sanya shi tare don kallon shekaru 10:

gubar -acid a kowace cart:

• Kunshin farko: $1,200
• Sauya a shekara ta 4: $1,200
• Sauya a shekara ta 7: $1,200
• Aikin kulawa (shekaru 10): $2,000
• Canjin caja: $300
• Jimlar: kusan $5,900

Lithium a kowace keke:

• Kunshin farko: $2,800
• Caja lithium: $400
• Kulawa: $0
• Ajiye makamashi: -$400
• Jimlar: kusan $2,800

Zaɓin lithium yana kashe ƙasa da rabi akan lokacin mallakar. Kuma wannan ba tare da ƙididdige fa'idodin aiki ba: babu tsaka-tsaki -zagaye na gazawar gubar dalma{2}}acid, babu canje-canjen kulawa na Asabar, babu jadawalin shayarwa da za a bi.

Hayar Motar Golf na Tekun Bums a Florida sun rubuta gogewarsu ta canza motocin haya 65 zuwa lithium a 2021. Sun kasance suna maye gurbin fakitin gubar - duk shekara 1 zuwa 2 saboda amfani da haya yana hawan batura da wahala. Ayyukan aikin su na ranar Asabar, wanda ya cinye cikakken ranar ma'aikata kowane mako, an kawar da shi gaba ɗaya. Korafe-korafen abokin ciniki game da kururuwan da ke mutuwa a tsakiyar haya ya tafi sifili. Kasuwancin ya buɗe sabon kudaden shiga ta hanyar bayar da duk hayar hayar rana ta - wacce ke jagorantar kewayon acid ba zai iya tallafawa ba (golfcaradvisor.com).

Canjin Fleet ROI

Don jirgin ruwa guda 20 - da ke kimanta canjin lithium daga gubar-acid, ga yadda math ɗin yakan gudana:

Zuba jari na lokaci ɗaya{{0}:
Fakitin lithium (20 × $2,800): $56,000
Caja lithium (raka'a 10 × $400): $4,000
Aikin shigarwa (20 × $200): $4,000
Kadan: darajar ceton gubar{0}}kayan acid: -$3,000
Sa hannun jari: kusan $61,000

Adana aiki na shekara-shekara:
Aikin da aka cire: $4,000
Matsalolin da aka guji (da sun kashe ~ $8,000/shekara akan masu maye gurbin): $8,000
Rage farashin makamashi: $800
Jimlar tanadi na shekara: kusan $12,800

Payback: kasa da shekaru 5

Bayan dawowar, rundunar ta kama waɗancan tanadin har abada har sai fakitin lithium a ƙarshe suna buƙatar maye gurbin, wanda ba zai faru a cikin shekaru 10 ba idan ana sarrafa DoD da kyau.

Wannan lissafin yana canzawa bisa la'akari da farashin aikin ku, ƙimar wutar lantarki, da yadda kuke zagayawa da jiragen ruwa. Babban{1}}Ayyukan kasuwanci na amfani suna ganin dawowar sauri. Ƙananan jiragen ruwa masu zaman kansu- yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo. Amma ga mafi yawan aikace-aikacen kasuwanci, fensir na jujjuya lithium yana fitar da kuɗi ko da kafin ku ƙidaya ingantaccen aiki.

Abin da ake Tabbatarwa Kafin Sa hannu

An ƙone ni isashen lokuta don samun jerin abubuwan dubawa. Ba rikitarwa ba, amma yana rufe abubuwan da ke haifar da matsala.

Na farko: tabbatar da fakitin haƙiƙa guda ɗaya ce mai haɗaɗɗiya tare da haɗin kai BMS, ba ƙananan batura masu yawa da aka haɗa tare ba. Tambayi kai tsaye. Idan amsar ba ta da tabbas, tafi.

Na biyu: sami cikakkun bayanai na BMS a rubuce. Ci gaba da ƙimar fitarwa mafi girma. Ƙofar kariyar zafin jiki. Nau'in daidaitawar salula. Idan mai kaya ba zai iya ba da wannan takaddun ba, ana zargin sarrafa ingancin su.

Na uku: tabbatar da takaddun shaida. UL 2271 don motocin lantarki masu haske. UN 38.3 don amincin sufuri. Tambayi ainihin takaddun shaida, ba kawai da'awar ba. UL yana kiyaye bayanan jama'a inda zaku iya tantancewa.

Na hudu: fahimtar sharuɗɗan garanti. Yaya ake auna lalacewar iya aiki? Menene garanti{1}}rashin shigarwa? Samu takamaiman amsoshi kafin ku gano keɓancewa bayan gazawa.

Na biyar: don oda sama da raka'a 10, tura don shirin matukin jirgi. Katuna biyu ko uku suna tafiyar da ainihin hanyoyinku na kwanaki 60 zuwa 90 kafin cika alkawari. Duk wani mai sayarwa da ke da kwarin gwiwa a cikin samfuran su zai karɓi wannan. Waɗanda suka dage kan sadaukar da kai gaba suna iya samun dalilai na gujewa kwatantawa.

Hukuncin wutar lantarki yana da mahimmanci. Yanke shawarar iya aiki. Amma ba kome ba idan ka saya daga mai kaya wanda ba zai iya yin bayanin bayanansu ba. Bambancin inganci a cikin wannan masana'antar yana da girma. Ayyukan gida da kuke yi kafin siyan yana ƙayyade ko juyar ku ta yi nasara ko ya zama darasi mai tsada.

Ina aiki don Polinovel, don haka ɗauki hangen nesa tare da mahallin da ya dace. Amma na gwammace in rasa siyar ta hanyar kasancewa tare da kai da in ci nasara wanda ya juya zuwa rikicin garanti bayan watanni shida. Abubuwan fasaha a nan suna aiki ba tare da la'akari da batirin wane da kuka ƙare siyan su ba.

Samfura masu alaƙa

 

36V 105 Ah Golf Cart Lithium Baturi

48V 150Ah Golf Cart Lithium Baturi

72V 105Ah Golf Cart Lithium Baturi