Mechanism Ƙarfin Baturi?
Canji a Tsarin Kayan Abu
Kayan katode da aka fi amfani da su a halin yanzu sun haɗa da tsarin liMO2 mai launi hexagonal (inda M{1}Co, Ni, Mn), tsarin spinel na LiMn2O4, da tsarin olivine na LiFePO4. Ko da kuwa tsarin, lokacin da ions lithium ke raguwa daga cathode, don kula da yanayin lantarki a cikin kayan, babu makawa kashi na ƙarfe yana da oxidized zuwa mafi girman yanayin valence, wanda ke tare da tsarin canji na lokaci. Canje-canje na lokaci yakan haifar da sauye-sauyen lokaci, don haka yayin da lithium ions ke ci gaba da yin hulɗa da juna a cikin kayan, canjin lokaci ya ci gaba, kuma a cikin dogon lokaci, zai haifar da barazana ga kwanciyar hankali. Idan aka kwatanta da anode, iyawar da ba ta dace ba ta hanyar sauye-sauyen lokaci da canje-canje a cikin babban tsarin kayan cathode yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan rayuwar baturi. Graphite yana da tsari mai launi. Lokacin da ya yi kauri da yawa, ions lithium suna shiga tsaka-tsaki a cikin masu shiga tsakani yayin cajin baturi kuma suna haɗawa da electrons ɗin da ake ɗauka daga kewayen waje don samar da graphite mai lithium, kuma tazarar interlayer yana ƙaruwa a wannan lokacin; a lokacin fitarwa, lithium ions suna barin masu tsaka-tsakin graphite kuma su saki electrons zuwa kewayen waje, suna jurewa da haɓakawa da haɓakar iskar oxygen, kuma tazarar interlayer yana raguwa a wannan lokacin.
Rushe Kayan Aiki
Rushewar kayan cathode yana nufin tsari inda abu mai aiki ya ragu a hankali saboda lalata a cikin electrolyte. Rushewar kayan cathode a yanayin zafi yana ɗaya daga cikin dalilan lalata ƙarfin baturi, musamman samun babban tasiri akan aikin sake zagayowar da aikin ajiyar batir a yanayin zafi mai yawa. Rushe karafa na miƙa mulki a ƙarƙashin wasu sharuɗɗa matsala ce da ke samuwa a cikin duk kayan katode na LiMO2. Babban dalilan da yasa rushewar kayan aiki ke haifar da tabarbarewar aikin batir sune: $\\textcircled{1}$ Narkar da abubuwan ƙarfe kai tsaye yana haifar da raguwar kayan aiki, yana haifar da asarar ƙarfin baturi; $\\textcircled{2}$ Rushewar kayan cathode yana haifar da lalacewar tsarin kayan da samuwar abubuwa marasa aiki da sinadarai a saman ɓangarorin, waɗanda ke hana jigilar ion lithium a cikin kayan lantarki; $\\textcircled{3}$ The solvated karfe ions kunshe a cikin electrolyte ƙaura zuwa anode a cikin electrolyte da kuma ajiya a kan anode surface a cikin nau'i na karfe ko gishiri a karkashin low m, kuma wadannan adibas babu makawa rinjayar da kwanciyar hankali da kauri na SEI fim a kan anode surface, haifar da ƙara electrode surface polarization da kuma ƙara batir ciki juriya. Saboda haka, sakamakon aiki narkar da abu a kan electrolyte ba kawai zo daga rushe amma kuma daga mafi m effects kawo game da narkar da mika mulki karafa.
Amfani da Lithium ions
A cikin ƙirar batirin lithium{0} ion, ƙarfin baturin gabaɗaya ya fi na cathode kaɗan, kuma ion lithium da za'a iya sake yin amfani da su kuma ana samar da su ta hanyar cathode. Saboda haka, jujjuyawar tsaka-tsaki da ƙaddamar da ions lithium tsakanin cathode da anode suna ƙayyade ƙarfin baturi. A lokacin cajin farko da fitarwa, an kafa fim ɗin SEI akan farfajiyar anode. Babban abubuwan da ke cikin wannan fim ɗin wucewa sune abubuwa daban-daban na inorganic kamar Li2CO3, LiF, Li2O, LiOH da sauran abubuwan halitta kamar ROCO2Li, ROLi, da (ROCO2)2Li. Don haka, ana cinye wasu ions lithium, kuma wannan asarar iya aiki ba zata iya jurewa ba. Ayyukan anode yana da alaƙa sosai da ilimin halittar jiki da kwanciyar hankali na fim ɗin SEI, kuma ikon samar da ingantaccen fim ɗin SEI akan farfajiyar anode yana da wani tasiri mara inganci akan aikin baturi. Samuwar fim ɗin SEI yana cinye ƙarancin lithium ions a cikin baturi. Idan fim ɗin SEI ya ci gaba da lalacewa a lokacin sake zagayowar, to, haɓakar iskar shaka a cikin ƙirar anode / electrolyte zai ci gaba da faruwa don samar da sabon fim ɗin SEI. Wannan tsari yana cinye ƙarancin lithium ions da cathode ke bayarwa a cikin tsarin, kuma raguwar ion lithium mai aiki yana haifar da lalata iya aiki. Rage ions lithium a cikin electrolyte yana haifar da raguwar tafiyar da wutar lantarki, kuma asarar ion lithium a cikin kayan cathode yana haifar da rashin daidaituwa tsakanin nau'ikan lantarki guda biyu na baturi.
Ƙaruwa a cikin Juriya na Ciki
A lokacin hawan keke na tsawon lokaci na baturi, haɓaka juriya na ciki shine mahimmin dalili na lalata iya aiki. Akwai dalilai da yawa na karuwa a cikin juriya na ciki, yafi daga bangarori biyu: $\\textcircled{1}$ A oxidation reaction faruwa a electrode/electrolyte dubawa a cikin electrolyte take kaiwa zuwa wani karuwa a cikin surface film juriya na lantarki, da kuma rashin zaman lafiya na anode SEI film, ci gaba da kafa sabon surface fina-finai a lokacin da za a sake zagayowar, da dai sauransu, duk ƙara polarization na baturi; $\\textcircled{2}$ Narkar da ion karfe a cikin cathode zuwa cikin electrolyte, da narkar da ion ɗin ƙarfen da aka narkar da su suna ƙaura zuwa ga anode ta hanyar electrolyte kuma a ajiye a saman anode a cikin nau'i na ƙarfe ko gishiri, yana haifar da haɓaka polarization na lantarki. Bugu da ƙari, bincike ya kuma tabbatar da cewa lalatawar mai tarawa na yanzu zai iya haifar da karuwa a cikin juriya na ciki, amma wannan tasirin yana da ƙananan ƙananan a ƙarƙashin tsarin pretreatment na yanzu. Haɓakawa a cikin juriya na ciki yana haifar da raguwar ƙarfin makamashi da ƙarfin aiki, musamman ga anode, abin da ke faruwa a cikin ƙirar lantarki / electrolyte shine babban dalilin tsufa na anode.
