Menene Yanayin Desulfation? {0} Polinovel

Yanayin ƙazanta siffa ce ta musamman a cikin cajar baturi wanda ke kawar da ginanniyar ginawar kristal sulfate daga faranti na gubar{0}}acid. Lokacin da batirin gubar -acid ke zaune na tsawan lokaci, waɗannan lu'ulu'u suna taurare akan farantin baturin kuma suna hana baturin karɓa ko riƙe caji. Yanayin ƙazanta yana aiki mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi -ƙarashin wutar lantarki don wargaza waɗannan lu'ulu'u da dawo da ƙarfin batirin yin aiki.

Sulfation yana faruwa ta hanyar halayen sinadarai na yau da kullun a cikin batirin gubar -acid. Lokacin da kuka fitar da baturin gubar -acid, electrolyte (sulfuric acid da ruwa) yana amsawa tare da farantin gubar don samar da sulfate na gubar kuma ya saki makamashin lantarki. Yayin caji, wannan tsari yakamata ya koma baya, yana mai da sulfate gubar baya zuwa kayan aiki.

Matsalar tana farawa ne lokacin da batura suka kasance a ɗan lokaci ko cikakke. Ƙananan lu'ulu'u na gubar sulfate waɗanda ke samuwa yayin amfani na yau da kullun sun fara girma da tauri. Waɗannan lu'ulu'u masu taurare suna tsayayya da tsarin caji kuma suna manne da faranti na baturi har abada. Bayan lokaci, wannan ginawa yana rage ƙarfin baturi da aikinsa.

Sharuɗɗa da yawa suna haɓaka sulfation:

Adana ba tare da caji bayana haifar da mafi munin sulfation. Batirin da aka bari yana zaune na tsawon makonni ko watanni, ko da an fara caja sosai, zai fitar da kansa kuma ya haɓaka lu'ulu'u na sulfate. Yayin da ya daɗe yana zaune, da wuya waɗannan lu'ulu'u su zama.

Ƙarƙashin cajiyana hana baturi cikakken juyar da sulfate gubar baya zuwa kayan aiki. Kowane zagayen caji bai cika yana barin ƙarin sulfate akan faranti.

Fitowa mai zurficewa sauke ƙarfin baturi a ƙasa 10.5V yana haifar da saurin sulfation. Matsanancin rashin daidaituwar sinadarai yana haifar da manyan lu'ulu'u masu tasowa da sauri.

Babban yanayin zafisama da digiri 75 F ninki biyu na ƙimar sulfation don kowane haɓakar digiri 10{3}. Heat yana haɓaka fitar da kai da samuwar crystal.

Lokacin da sulfation ya kai matakan ci gaba, baturin yana nuna alamun bayyanar cututtuka. Cranking ikon faɗuwa da hankali. Cajin yana ɗaukar lokaci fiye da na al'ada. Baturin zai iya jin zafi yayin caji. Wutar lantarki yana faɗuwa da sauri ƙarƙashin kaya. A lokuta masu tsanani, karatun voltmeter akan baturin "cikakken caja" yana nuna kawai 12.0-12.2V maimakon lafiyayyen kewayon 12.6-12.8V.

Desulfation Mode

Yanayin lalatawa yana amfani da dabarar sanyaya bugun jini don raba lu'ulu'u na sulfate. Caja yana isar da manyan bugun wutar lantarki - yawanci 15{5}20V don baturi 12V - a babban mitar amma ƙarancin amperage. Wadannan bugun jini suna haifar da girgiza a matakin kwayoyin halitta wanda ke karya tsarin crystalline.

Tsarin ya bambanta sosai da caji na yau da kullun. Daidaitaccen caji yana amfani da tsayayyen ƙarfin lantarki a kusa da 14.4V don tura makamashi cikin baturi. Rarraba bugun jini ya karu zuwa 15-20V na ɗan lokaci, sannan ya koma ƙasa. Wannan aikin ƙwanƙwasa yana yin hari musamman don lu'ulu'u na sulfate mai wuya ba tare da ɗumama batir ba.

Caja daban-daban suna aiwatar da lalata ta hanyoyi daban-daban:

Tsarukan lalatawar atomatikgano batura sulfated ta hanyar gwada ƙarfinsu na karɓar caji a ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun. Lokacin da caja ya shafi 14V kuma yana jin kusan babu gudana a halin yanzu, yana gane babban juriya na ciki daga sulfation. Sa'an nan caja ta canza ta atomatik zuwa yanayin lalata. Da zarar baturi ya fara karɓar caji kullum, tsarin yana canzawa zuwa daidaitattun matakan caji.

Hanyoyin lalata da hannuyana buƙatar ka zaɓi saitin. Waɗannan sukan yi aiki na ƙayyadadden lokaci - yawanci awanni 24 don caja Black+Decker, ko har zuwa awanni 2 don ƙirar Sitter Baturi. Caja yana aiwatar da bugun jini cikin wannan lokacin, sannan a gwada ko baturin ya murmure sosai.

Ci gaba da tsarin kula da bugun jinidaga kamfanoni kamar PulseTech suna amfani da ƙarancin ƙarancin matakin rage ɓacin rai koyaushe yayin cajin baturi da lokacin ajiya. Wannan hanyar tana hana haɓakar sulfation maimakon yin maganinta bayan gaskiyar.

Ainihin yanayin bugun bugun jini yana da mahimmanci. Ƙarƙashin inganci yana buƙatar daidaitaccen sarrafa lokacin hawan bugun jini, faɗin, mita, da girma. Bincike ya nuna batirin gubar -batir na acid suna jujjuyawa a mitoci tsakanin 2-6 megahertz. Pulses ɗin da suka dace da wannan kewayon mitar suna aiki da kyau sosai wajen karya haɗin kristal.

A lokacin desulfation, sulfate lu'ulu'u suna karya cikin ƙananan barbashi kuma su narke baya cikin maganin electrolyte. Wannan tsari yana ɗaukar lokaci saboda kauri mai kauri dole ne ya rushe a hankali. Ƙananan batura masu ƙananan sulfation na iya dawowa cikin sa'o'i 48. Manyan batura tare da sulfation mai tsanani na iya buƙatar makonni 2-4 na jiyya, tare da baturin akan caji a duk tsawon lokacin lalata.

Yanayin ƙazanta ya shafi keɓancewar sinadarai na baturin gubar{0}. Wannan ya haɗa da batura masu ruwa (rigar cell), batir AGM (Absorbed Glass Mat), baturan gel, da kiyayewa{2}}kyautaccen gubar dalma{3}}batir acid. Duk waɗannan bambance-bambancen suna amfani da faranti na gubar da sulfuric acid electrolyte, yana sa su zama masu saurin kamuwa da sulfation.

Batirin lithium{0}ion ba sa fuskantar sulfation.Wannan yana wakiltar babban bambanci a cikin ilmin sunadarai. Lithium{1} batirin ion yana adana kuzari ta hanyar rufe ions lithium tsakanin graphite da ƙarfe oxide electrodes ta hanyar ruwa electrolyte. Babu sulfuric acid da ke wanzuwa a cikin tsarin, kuma babu nau'in sulfate na gubar yayin zagayowar fitarwa.

Idan kun mallaki acajar baturi lithium ion, ba za ku sami yanayin lalata ba saboda fasalin ba ya da wani dalili. Batura lithium suna fuskantar ƙalubale daban-daban - wuce gona da iri, zurfafa zurfafa ƙasa da mafi ƙarancin wutar lantarki, da matsanancin zafin jiki na iya lalata su, amma sulfation baya cikin waɗannan abubuwan damuwa.

Bambance-bambancen yana da mahimmanci lokacin zabar batura da caja:

Don baturan mota, yawancin motocin har yanzu suna amfani da gubar gubar -acid chemistry. Baturin motarka zai iya amfana daga lalatawar idan ya zauna ba a yi amfani da shi ba ta lokacin hunturu ko kuma ya rasa aiki daga amfani mara kyau. Bincika nau'in baturin ku kafin amfani da yanayin lalata.

Don aikace-aikacen ruwa da RV, za ku ci karo da iri biyu. Zurfafa{1}} gubar zagayowar -Batura acid don tsarin gida na iya sulfate lokacin da aka adana su tsakanin tafiye-tafiye. Koyaya, tsarin lithium yana ƙara maye gurbin gubar -acid a cikin RVs da jiragen ruwa daidai saboda suna guje wa sulfation kuma suna ba da mafi zurfin zurfafawa.

Don kayan aikin wuta da lantarki, lithium{0}} ion ya mamaye. Batura mara igiyar ku, batirin kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, da baturan waya suna amfani da sinadarai na lithium kuma basa buƙatar lalata.

Don tsarin wutar lantarki da hasken rana, duka fasahohin sun yi takara. Batirin gubar -Acid yana da tsada a gaba amma yana buƙatar kulawa akai-akai da lalata. Batura lithium sun fi tsada da farko amma suna kawar da kiyayewa kuma suna ba da rayuwa mai tsayi ba tare da damuwar sulfation ba.

Fahimtar sinadarai na baturin ku yana hana ɓata lokaci akan yunƙurin lalata da ba dole ba. Mafi mahimmanci, yana hana lalacewa - yin amfani da bugun jini zuwa baturan lithium na iya haifar da da'irar aminci ko, a mafi munin yanayi, haifar da kumburi ko abubuwan zafi.

Desulfation aiki mafi kyau a matsayin farkon sa baki. Lokacin da kuka lura an rage aikin baturi, gudanar da zagayowar lalata yana ba da mafi girman damar dawowa.

Ma'ajiyar lokaciyana haifar da kyawawan yanayi don gwada lalata. Kafin adana babura, kwale-kwale, ko abubuwan hawa na lokaci don hunturu, cika cikakken cajin baturin kuma gudanar da zagayowar lalata idan cajar ku tayi. Lokacin da aka dawo da kayan aikin da aka adana a cikin sabis, batura masu lalata da suka zauna tsawon watanni 3-4 ko da an adana su cikakke.

Ƙoƙarin cetoakan batura waɗanda aka zurfafa fitar da su suna tabbatar da lalatawar. Idan ka bar fitilun cikin motarka a cikin dare kuma baturin ba zai kunna motar ba ko da bayan yunƙurin yin caji, yanayin lalata zai iya dawo da shi. Dole ne baturin ya nuna wasu ƙarfin lantarki - yawanci sama da 2V don baturi 12V. Ƙarƙashin wannan ƙofar, lalacewar ciki na iya zama mai tsanani sosai.

Rashin aikiyana nuna buƙatun lalata. Lokacin da baturin da a baya ya murƙushe injin ku da ƙarfi yanzu da ƙyar ya juyar da shi, ko kuma lokacin da baturin da ke ɗaukar caji na makonni yanzu ya kwanta cikin kwanaki, mai yiwuwa sulfation ya shiga.

Lokaci yana da mahimmanci. Sabon sulfation wanda ya tasowa cikin kwanaki ko makonni yana amsa da kyau ga lalatawar. Tsarin crystalline bai cika taurare ba tukuna. Batura waɗanda ke zaune na tsawon watanni ko shekaru suna da sulfation na crystalline na dindindin wanda babu adadin bugun jini da zai juyo gaba ɗaya.

Dole ne a cire haɗin baturin daga motoci ko kayan aiki yayin lalata. Na'urorin lantarki na abin hawa suna zana ƙananan adadin halin yanzu waɗanda ke tsoma baki tare da tsarin lalata. Ko da agogon dashboard zana ƴan milliamps yana hana wasu caja shiga yanayin lalata, saboda suna fassara duk wani zane na yanzu a matsayin nuni da batir ɗin baya sulfated.

Ana amfani da matakan tsaro a duk tsawon lokacin. Ƙarƙashin batura a cikin wuraren da ba su da iska saboda tsarin zai iya samar da iskar hydrogen. Kula da zafin baturi - zafi mai yawa yana nuna matsaloli. Bincika matakan ruwa a cikin batura masu ambaliya kafin farawa kuma cika da ruwa mai tsafta idan an buƙata. Kada ka bar lalatarwar tana gudana gaba ɗaya ba tare da kulawa ba don zama na farko har sai kun tabbatar da baturi da caja suna aiki tare sosai.

Desulfation Mode

Yanayin lalatawa yana haifar da sakamako marasa daidaituwa waɗanda suka dogara sosai akan tsananin sulfation da lokaci.

Adadin nasara ya bambanta sosai.Rahotannin da ke fitowa fili sun nuna gurɓacewar batir ɗin da suka bayyana sun mutu gaba ɗaya, tare da masu amfani da rahoton sun ba da rahoton cewa batir ɗin sun dawo aiki bayan an adana su har na tsawon shekaru biyu. Wasu masu amfani suna ganin lalatawar ba ta da wani bambanci da za a iya aunawa, musamman tare da batura masu fama da lalacewar jiki maimakon tsaftataccen sulfation.

Dalilai da yawa sun ƙayyade ko desulfation zai taimaka:

Shekarun baturin da yanayin kafin sulfation suna da mahimmanci. Wani sabon baturi wanda ke sulfur daga ma'ajiya sau da yawa yana murmurewa zuwa 75-95% na iyawar asali. Tsohon baturi kusa da ƙarshen rayuwarsa ta al'ada wanda sannan sulfated zai iya dawo da ƙarfin 40-50% kawai ko a'a.

Nau'in Sulfation yana haifar da bambanci. Sulfation mai jujjuyawa daga fitarwa na baya-bayan nan yana amsa maganin lalata. Dindindin sulfation crystalline daga tsawaita fitarwa ba za a iya jujjuya gaba ɗaya ba. Kalubalen ya ta'allaka ne wajen tantance nau'in da kuke hulɗa da su kafin saka hannun jari a cikin tsarin lalata.

Akwai jayayyaa kusa da desulfation tasiri. Masu kera batir suna da ra'ayi iri ɗaya. Wasu suna ɗaukar lalatawar bugun jini a matsayin halaltacciyar dabarar farfadowa. Wasu, kamar Batir Tender, suna guje wa fasalolin ɓarna a sarari, suna jayayya da ƙwanƙwasa farantin baturi kuma na iya haifar da lahani mai tsawo{3} fiye da mai kyau. Suna kwatanta shi da lanƙwasa faifan takarda baya da baya - kuna iya daidaita shi na ɗan lokaci, amma kuna raunana shi tare da kowane lanƙwasa.

Shaidar kimiyya ba ta cika ba. Yayin da fasahar bugun bugun jini ke nuni da ruguza lu'ulu'u na sulfate a cikin yanayin dakin gwaje-gwaje, sakamako na hakika na duniya{1} ya dogara da masu canji da yawa don yin hasashen daidai. Wasu ƙwararrun suna tambayar ko bayyanannen "farfadowa" daga ɓata lokaci yana wakiltar ci gaba na ɗan lokaci wanda ke raguwa cikin sauri.

Ko da lalatawar nasara yana da iyaka.Ba za ku iya mayar da baturi zuwa 100% na ƙarfin sa na asali ba. Tsarin lalata da kansa yana haifar da lalacewar faranti. Sulfation wanda ya zauna na tsawon lokaci yana haifar da canje-canje na dindindin ga tsarin faranti. Baturin da aka dawo da shi ta hanyar lalata zai iya samun ɗan gajeren tsawon rayuwa fiye da wanda bai taɓa yin sulfate mai tsanani ba.

Madadin hanyoyin akwai. Wasu ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararra) sun fi son sarrafa fiye da caji a 2.50-2.66V a kowane tantanin halitta na tsawon sa'o'i 24 maimakon zubar da bugun jini. Wasu suna amfani da abubuwan da suka hada da sinadarai kamar maganin gishiri na Epsom, kodayake sakamakon ya kasance abin muhawara. Mafi yawan abin dogara shine rigakafin ta hanyar caji na yau da kullum da kuma guje wa zurfafawa mai zurfi.

Farashin{0}}Binciken fa'idaal'amura. Ƙoƙarin ɓarna yana da ma'ana ga batura masu tsada - zurfin ruwa{2}batir ɗin zagayowar, manyan batir na AGM don tsarin hasken rana, ko manyan batura masu motoci. Don batirin mota mara tsada, sauyawa sau da yawa farashin ƙasa da lokacin da aka kashe don ƙoƙarin farfadowa. Batura da suka wuce shekaru 5-7 da kyar suke tabbatar da ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce ba tare da la'akari da farashi ba.

Yanayin lalata yana buƙatar ƙaramin ƙarfin baturi, yawanci 2{4}}6V don baturi 12V. A ƙasan wannan bakin kofa, baturin na iya samun guntun wando na ciki ko lalacewa fiye da dawowa. Gwada yin caji da daidaitaccen caja da farko - idan baturin ya karɓi kowane caji kwata-kwata, to yanayin lalata zai iya taimakawa.

Tsawon lokacin ya bambanta ta ƙirar caja da yanayin baturi. Tsarin atomatik yana gudana har sai sun gano haɓakawa, yawanci 2-48 hours. Batirin sulfated mai tsananin gaske na iya buƙatar makonni 3-4 tare da caja a layi daya tare da na'urar desulfator. Kula da ci gaban mako-mako ta gwada ƙarfin baturi da karɓan caji.

Ee, desulfation yana aiki akan duk nau'in baturi na gubar{0}} gami da AGM da ƙwayoyin gel. Waɗannan batir ɗin da aka rufe sulfate suna kama da batura masu ambaliya amma galibi suna amsa mafi kyau ga lalatawar saboda ba su sha wahala daga ƙananan matakan ruwa ba. Yi amfani da caja musamman ƙididdigewa ga batir AGM/gel yayin da suke amfani da matakan ƙarfin lantarki masu dacewa.

A'a, cire haɗin baturin daga wayar abin hawa kafin lalata. Ko da ƙananan abubuwan da ake zana daga agogo, ƙararrawa, ko na'urorin sarrafawa suna hana wasu caja shiga yanayin lalata. Babban ƙarfin wutan lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin lalata zai iya lalata kayan lantarki masu mahimmanci na abin hawa idan an haɗa su.

Desulfation Mode

Yanayin lalata yana wakiltar kayan aiki guda ɗaya a tsakanin da yawa don tsawaita rayuwar batir na gubar, amma ba maganin mu'ujiza bane. Yi la'akari da shi azaman maganin jiki don batura - zai iya dawo da wasu ayyukan da suka ɓace idan an yi amfani da su a daidai lokacin, amma ba zai iya juyar da duk lalacewa ko aiki akan kowane majiyyaci ba.

Haƙiƙanin ƙimar lalatawar ta ta'allaka ne a cikin kiyaye rigakafi maimakon ayyukan ceto. Caja tare da fasalulluka na lalatawar atomatik waɗanda ke bugun bugun jini a koyaushe yayin ajiya suna hana sulfation daga zama mai tsanani. A lokacin da kuke ƙoƙarin dawo da baturin sulfated mai nauyi wanda ke zaune a kwance na tsawon watanni, nasara ba zai yuwu ba ba tare da la'akari da fasaha ba.

Zaɓin baturin ku yana da mahimmanci fiye da kowace hanyar dawowa. Madadin lithium yana kawar da damuwar sulfation gaba ɗaya, kodayake a farashi mai girma na farko. Don aikace-aikace inda gubar gubar -acid ke da ma'ana ta fuskar tattalin arziki, saka hannun jari a cikin caja masu inganci tare da ingantaccen yanayin kulawa yana hana yawancin matsalolin sulfation kafin su fara.

Sources

Jami'ar Baturi - BU-804b: Sulfation da Yadda ake Hana shi (batteryuniversity.com)

Guy Batir - Batir Sitter Tatsuniyoyi da Muhimman Bayanai (batteryguy.com)

BLACK+DECKER Support - Tsari Tsabtace (support.blackanddecker.com)

Yanayin Kaucewa Kai tsaye - Cajin Baturi MPL50

Mai Taimakon Batir - Me yasa Tender ɗin Batir Baya Amfani da Desulfation (batterytender.com)

ChargingChargers.com - Koyarwar Ƙarfafa Batir (chargingchargers.com)

Polinovel - Menene Sulfation Baturi & Yadda ake Gujewa Shi (polinovelgroup.com)

Renogy - Lithium{1}}Ion vs. Bambance-bambancen Batir Acid Acid (renogy.com)