Adadin wutar lantarkin da baturi zai iya fitarwa a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi na fitarwa ana kiransa ƙarfin baturi, wanda ke nuna alamar C. An fi bayyana naúrar sa da Ah·h ko mA·h.
1. Ƙarfin Ka'idar (C0)
Ƙarfin ka'idar shine adadin wutar lantarki da baturi zai iya bayarwa idan an ɗauka cewa duk kayan aiki sun shiga cikin motsin{0} Za'a iya ƙididdige ƙarfin ƙa'idar daidai ta amfani da adadin kayan aiki mai aiki da aka yi amfani da su a cikin ma'aunin amsawar baturi, dangane da electrochemical daidai da kayan aiki da aka lissafta bisa ga dokar Faraday.
Dokar Faraday ta bayyana cewa lokacin da wutar lantarki ta ratsa ta hanyar maganin electrolyte, adadin abin da ke faruwa a cikin sinadarai a cikin electrodes yana daidai da adadin wutar lantarki da ke wucewa. Ta hanyar lissafi, ana iya bayyana wannan a matsayin...
Dokar Faraday ta bayyana cewa lokacin da wutar lantarki ta ratsa ta hanyar maganin electrolyte, adadin abin da ke faruwa a cikin na'urar lantarki yana daidai da adadin wutar lantarki da ke wucewa. A lissafin, ana bayyana wannan kamar:
Inda Q shine adadin wutar lantarki da ke wucewa ta hanyar amsawar lantarki (A·h);
m shine yawan abin da ke amsawa (g);
M shine ƙwayar ƙwanƙwasa na abu mai aiki (g/mol);
F shine madaidaicin Faraday, kusan 96500 C/mol ko 26.8 Ah/mol.
Hakanan ana iya fahimtar lissafin (2-6) azaman adadin wutar lantarki Q da aka saki bayan cikakken amsawar wani abu mai aiki na taro m. Adadin wutar lantarki Q shine ƙarfin ka'idar (C₀) na abu mai aiki a cikin lantarki, yana wakiltar adadin wutar lantarki da aka saki lokacin da mai aiki na taro m ya shiga cikin amsawa.
Don haka, ana iya rubuta lissafin (2-6) kamar haka:
A cikin dabara, K yana wakiltar electrochemical daidai da kayan aiki, K=M / 26.8 [g/(A·h)], wanda ke nufin yawan kayan aiki da ake buƙata don samun 1 Ah·h na caji. Formula (2-7) shine dabara don ƙididdige ƙarfin ka'idar kayan aiki na lantarki. Ana nuna daidaitattun kayan aikin lantarki na lantarki da aka saba amfani da su a cikin Table 2-2. Za'a iya amfani da madaidaicin electrochemical don kwatanta ƙayyadaddun iyawar kayan lantarki.
Tebura 2-2 Daidaitan Abubuwan Electrode Masu Amfani da Wuta
| Abu Mai Aiki | Molar Mass/(g/mol) | Adadin Electrons da aka Kirkiro a Reaction (n) | Daidaitan Electrochemical [g/(A·h)] |
|---|---|---|---|
| H₂ | 2.0 | 2 | 0.037 |
| Li | 6.94 | 1 | 0.259 |
| Zn | 65.4 | 2 | 1.220 |
| Cd | 112.4 | 2 | 2.220 |
| Pb | 207.2 | 2 | 3.737 |
| MnO₂ | 85.0 | 1 | 3.167 |
| Ni (OH) ₂ | 92.7 | 1 | 3.456 |
| PbO₂ | 239.2 | 2 | 4.463 |
2. Ƙarfin Ƙarfi (C₀)
Ƙimar da aka ƙididdige ita ita ce mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin da baturi ya kamata ya fitarwa a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayin fitarwa (kamar zafin jiki, ƙimar fitarwa, da ƙarfin ƙarewa) kamar yadda ƙa'idodin sashe na ƙasa ko masu dacewa suka tsara.
3. Ƙarfin Gaskiya (C)
Lokacin fitarwa mai canzawa
A cikin dabarar, I-- wakiltar fitarwa na halin yanzu, aikin lokacin fitarwa t;
T - yana wakiltar lokacin fitarwa zuwa ƙarfin ƙarewa.
Saboda juriya na ciki da sauran dalilai, kayan aiki ba za a iya amfani da su sosai ba; wato, yawan amfani da kayan aiki koyaushe yana ƙasa da 1. Saboda haka, ainihin iya aiki da ƙimar da aka ƙididdigewa na tushen wutar lantarki koyaushe yana ƙasa da ƙarfin ka'idar. An bayyana ƙimar amfani da kayan aiki azaman...
Inda m shine yawan adadin kayan aiki;
m₁ shine yawan kayan aiki da ake cinyewa lokacin da aka fitar da ainihin iya aiki.
Haƙiƙanin ƙarfin baturi yana da alaƙa kusa da fitarwa na halin yanzu. A lokacin babban fitarwa na yanzu, polarization electrode yana ƙaruwa, juriya na ciki yana ƙaruwa, ƙarfin fitarwa yana raguwa da sauri, kuma ƙarfin ƙarfin baturi yana raguwa, yana haifar da ƙaramin ƙarfin gaske da aka saki. Sabanin haka, a ƙarƙashin ƙananan yanayin fitarwa{3}, ƙarfin fitarwa yana raguwa a hankali, kuma ainihin ƙarfin da baturi ke fitarwa yakan fi ƙarfin ƙima.
4. Ragowar Karfi
Ƙarfin da ya rage yana nufin ƙarfin da za a iya amfani da shi da ya rage bayan an cire baturin a wani ƙimar fitarwa. Ƙididdiga da lissafin ƙarfin ƙarfin da ya rage suna shafar abubuwa kamar ƙimar fitarwa da lokacin fitarwa yayin amfani da baturi na farko, da kuma matakin tsufan baturi da yanayin aikace-aikacen, yana yin ƙima da ɗan wahala.
5. n -Irin Ƙimar Sa'a
n -ƙaramar ƙimar sa'a tana nufin adadin wutar lantarki da aka fitar ta cikakken cajin baturi lokacin da aka fitar da shi a lokacin fitarwa na awa n{1} har sai an kai ƙayyadadden ƙarfin wutar lantarki.
6. Ƙarfin Amfani
Ƙarfin da za a iya amfani da shi yana nufin adadin wutar lantarki da aka saki daga cikakken cajin baturi ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayi.
