Hanyar caji mai sauri
Don haɓaka saurin halayen sinadarai a cikin batura, rage lokacin da ake ɗauka kafin su kai ga cikar caji, da rage ko rage polarization na faranti masu inganci da mara kyau, ta haka inganta ƙarfin baturi, fasahar caji mai sauri ta haɓaka cikin sauri a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Ana gabatar da hanyoyin caji da sauri da aka saba amfani da su a ƙasa. An tsara waɗannan hanyoyin a kusa da mafi kyawun yanayin caji, da nufin sanya ainihin yanayin caji kusa da mafi kyawun yanayin caji.
Hanyar cajin bugun jini
Hanyar cajin bugun jini ta fara cajin baturin tare da bugun bugun jini, sannan ta daina caji na wani ɗan lokaci, sannan a sake cajin baturin tare da bugun bugun jini, yana maimaita wannan zagayowar, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto na 11-5. Juyin cajin yana cajin baturi cikakke, yayin da tazarar takan ba da lokaci don iskar oxygen da hydrogen da aka samar ta hanyar halayen sinadarai don sake haɗuwa kuma a ɗauka, a zahiri yana kawar da karkatar da hankali da polarization na ohmic. Wannan yana rage matsi na ciki na baturi, yana barin zagaye na gaba na caji na yau da kullun don ci gaba cikin sauƙi da ba da damar batir damar ɗaukar ƙarin caji. Matsakaicin tsaka-tsakin lokaci yana ba da baturin isasshen lokacin amsawa, rage haɓakar iskar gas da haɓaka ƙimar karɓar cajin baturi na yanzu.
Cajin bugun jini na iya inganta cajin baturi da aikin fitarwa, adana lokacin caji, da tsawaita rayuwar baturi, amma wasu sharuɗɗa dole ne a cika.
Tunda batirin lithium{0} ion sun dogara da farko akan motsin ion lithium a cikin cathode, anode, da electrolyte yayin caji da fitarwa, haɓaka ƙimar motsin ion da daidaituwar rarrabawa yana da mahimmanci don cimma burin ceton lokacin caji da haɓaka haɓakar caji. Matsakaicin caji ko rarraba wanda bai dace ba ba zai kasa cimma burin da ake so kawai ba amma kuma zai hanzarta tsufan baturi. Kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 11-2, mafi girman adadin caji, ƙaramin ƙarfin caji.
Binciken halayen lantarki ya nuna cewa adadin cajin batir lithium{0}ion an iyakance shi ne ta hanyar yaduwar adadin ion lithium da halayen kayan lantarki masu inganci da mara kyau. Yin amfani da ƙididdiga (11{3}}3), ana iya kafa ma'aunin yaduwa na lithium-ion.
A cikin dabarar, CL tana wakiltar ƙaddamarwar lithium - ion; x yana wakiltar nisan yaduwa; t yana wakiltar lokacin yadawa; kuma DLi tana wakiltar ma'aunin lithium{1} ion diffusion coefficient.
Bincike ya nuna cewa batirin lithium{0}ion suna nuna saurin tsufa guda biyu yayin gwajin sake zagayowar:
1) Lokacin samuwar fim ɗin SEI (Solid Electrolyte Interphase), tsarin da ke cinye wani yanki na ions lithium da ke akwai don samar da fim ɗin SEI akan farfajiyar lantarki.
2) A ƙarshen kowane zagayowar caji, juriya ga ƙaura na lithium ions a cikin yanayin ruwa a cikin baturi yana da ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi, yayin da ƙimar watsawa a cikin ƙaƙƙarfan lokaci kaɗan ne. Don haka, idan cajin halin yanzu ya yi girma a ƙarshen zagayowar caji, adadin lithium ions masu yawa za su taru a saman saman lantarki, wanda zai iya haifar da samuwar ƙarfe na lithium cikin sauƙi kuma ya rage abun ciki na lithium ion.
Samuwar fim ɗin SEI yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan rayuwar baturi. Idan fim ɗin SEI mai kyau ba za a iya samar da shi ba, kodayake baturin na iya samun babban caji / ƙimar fitarwa da ƙarfin amfani a farkon cajin / matakan fitarwa, ƙarfin zai ragu sosai tare da ƙara ƙidayar sake zagayowar, musamman a cikin ƙananan yanayin cajin bugun jini na yanzu{1}. Don haka, asarar lithium{3} ion a matakin farko ba zai yuwu ba. Koyaya, halin yanzu yayin cajin bugun jini bai kamata ya yi tsayi da yawa ba. Wuce kima halin yanzu zai haifar da m SEI film samuwar, m SEI film thickening, da kuma wani gagarumin karuwa a juriya, rage yawan amfani ions da kuma haifar da iya aiki asara.
Cajin bugun jini da farko yana amfani da dakatarwar caji ko baya fitarwa don kawar da polarization yayin aiwatar da caji. Polarization yana da alaƙa kusa da nau'in baturi, tsarin masana'antu, da kaddarorin kayan aiki, kuma bambance-bambancensa suna da sarkakiya. Tare da ci gaba da ci gaba a fasahar baturi, ana sarrafa polarization da kyau. Don haka, fa'idodin hanyoyin cajin bugun jini na al'ada ba kamar yadda ake faɗa ba. Wajibi ne a haɗa sigogin halayen baturi masu dacewa don sa ido na gaske{4}} sannan a daidaita girman da zagayowar cajin bugun jini don kiyaye baturin cikin yanayin aiki mafi kyau{5}yanayin caji mai hankali da aka kwatanta daga baya.
Hanyar Cajin Saurin Reflex™
Hanyar caji mai sauri na ReflexTM fasaha ce ta haƙƙin mallaka a Amurka, an tsara ta da farko don cajin batir nickel{0}}cadmium. Wannan hanyar caji tana sauƙaƙa matsalar tasirin ƙwaƙwalwar nickel{2}} baturin cadmium, don haka yana rage saurin lokacin caji. Idan aka kwatanta da hanyoyin cajin bugun jini, babban fasalin hanyar caji mai sauri na ReflexTM shine ƙari mara kyau na bugun jini. Tsarinsa yana amfani da tasirin "shamaki" wanda mummunan bugun jini ya ba da shi don kawar da kumfa da aka haifar a saman lantarki yayin aiwatar da amsawa, rage yawan zafin jiki da karuwa a cikin juriya na ciki yayin cajin baturi. Wannan yana ba da damar wutar lantarki ta canza zuwa makamashin sinadarai a cikin baturi daidai gwargwado, yana taimakawa wajen kawar da karkatar da hankali ta hanyar jinkirin yaduwa, haɓaka ƙimar amfani da kayan aiki a cikin baturi, don haka ƙara adadin cajin- zagayawa.
Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 11-6, tsarin aiki guda ɗaya na hanyar caji mai sauri na ReflexTM ya haɗa da matakai uku: bugun bugun gaba, jujjuyawar bugun jini nan take, da tsayawa kan caji don kulawa. Ayyukan bugun bugun bugun gaba shine samar da ingantaccen bugun bugun bugun jini don cajin baturi; Aikin jujjuyawar bugun jini nan take shine sanya ions electrolyte yaduwa daidai gwargwado don jinkirta amsawar polarization a cikin baturin, ta haka inganta aikin caji da haɓaka rayuwar baturi; Aikin lokacin cajin tasha shine sanya ions electrolyte su yaɗu daidai gwargwado da rage yanayin polarization, ta haka inganta aikin caji da tsawaita rayuwar baturi.
Hanyar Yin Caji Mai Sauyawa Na Yanzu
Hanyar caji ta wucin gadi na yau da kullun ta dogara ne akan caji na yau da kullun da cajin bugun jini, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto 11{1}}7. Halinsa shine cewa ana maye gurbin sashe na caji akai-akai tare da sashin caji mai iyaka mai iyaka. A cikin matakan farko na caji, ana amfani da hanyar caji mai canzawa na yanzu don tabbatar da babban caji na halin yanzu da samun yawancin adadin caji.
A cikin matakan caji na baya, ana amfani da lokacin cajin wutar lantarki akai-akai don samun ƙarin caji da mayar da baturin zuwa yanayin da ya cika. Ta hanyar dakatar da caji na ɗan lokaci, iskar oxygen da hydrogen da aka samar ta hanyar sinadarai a cikin baturi suna da lokaci don sake haɗawa kuma a shanye su, ta yadda za su kawar da karkatar da hankali da kuma polarization na ohmic. Wannan yana rage matsi na ciki na baturin, yana barin zagaye na gaba na caji na yau da kullun don ci gaba cikin sauƙi da ba da damar batir damar ɗaukar ƙarin wutar lantarki.
Dangane da madaidaicin hanyar caji ta tsaka-tsaki na yanzu, an gabatar da hanyar cajin wutar lantarki mai canzawa, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto na 11-8. Bambancin da ke tsakanin madaidaicin ƙarfin lantarki da hanyoyin cajin na yau da kullun shine cewa matakin farko ba na yau da kullun ba ne, amma madaidaicin wutar lantarki.
Kwatanta Figures 11-7 da 11-8, ana iya ganin cewa Hoto na 11-8 ya fi nuna mafi kyawun lanƙwan caji. A kowane mataki na cajin wutar lantarki akai-akai, saboda cajin wutar lantarki akai-akai, cajin halin yanzu yana raguwa da ƙarfi, daidai da yanayin cewa halin yanzu na baturi mai karɓa yana raguwa a hankali yayin aiwatar da caji.
Canjin Wutar Lantarki, Mai Canjin Wave na Yanzu{0}}Nau'in Tsayi Mai Kyau da Sifili mara Kyau{1}}Tsarin Cajin Saurin bugun bugun jini
Haɗa fa'idodin cajin bugun bugun jini, Reflex™ saurin caji, caji mai canzawa na yanzu, da cajin wutar lantarki mai canzawa, madaidaicin ƙarfin lantarki, madaidaicin kalaman na yanzu{0}nau'in tabbatacce da sifili mara kyau{1}}hanyar caji mai sauri na bugun jini an ɓullo da kuma amfani dashi. Gudanar da da'irar cajin bugun jini gabaɗaya ya faɗi cikin rukuni biyu:
1) Girman bugun bugun jini yana canzawa, yayin da aka daidaita siginar PWM (power PWM).
2) Girman bugun bugun jini yana dawwama, yayin da mitar siginar PWM ke daidaitawa.
Hoto 11-9 yana amfani da yanayin sarrafawa daban-daban daga waɗannan biyun: duka girman bugun jini na yanzu da kuma mitar siginar PWM an daidaita su, yayin da tsarin aikin PWM ya daidaita. Ta ƙara lokacin caji/tsayawa na ɗan lokaci, ana iya samun ƙarin caji cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, inganta ƙarfin karɓar cajin baturi.
Kowane yanayin caji yana da fa'idodinsa da iyakokin aikace-aikace. Koyaya, tare da yawaitar amfani da motocin lantarki, buƙatar cajin sauri yana ƙaruwa, wanda ke haifar da fitowar caji mai hankali. Babban caji mai wayo yana nufin cika cikakken cajin baturi ko isa ga saiti a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Ana samun hakan ne ta hanyar daidaita ƙimar halin yanzu bisa ga yanayin cajin baturi (SOC) da Jihar Kiwon Lafiya (SOH), yin cajin lokacin caji ya yi daidai da na ƙara man abin hawa na gargajiya.
Cajin wayo ya ja hankalin jama'a. Masu bincike a duk duniya suna mai da hankali kan mahimman albarkatu akan binciken dabarun sarrafa caji don haɓaka ƙimar caji tare da tabbatar da tsawon rayuwar batir yadda ya kamata. Wannan, bi da bi, yana haɓaka aiki da yarda da jama'a na motocin lantarki.
