Menene dabarun sarrafa caji don tsarin batirin wutar lantarki?

Menene dabarun sarrafa caji don tsarin batirin wutar lantarki?

Dabarun Kula da Cajin Tsarin Batir Wuta

Don babban - babban sikelin aikace-aikacen fakitin baturi, ban da la'akari da sinadarai da abubuwan zahiri na batirin wutar da kanta, yana da muhimmanci a yi la'akari da hanyar ajiyar baturi, yanayin ajiya, yanayin cajin kayan aiki, batutuwan aminci da suka shafi ma'ajiya ta tsakiya da caji, da tasirin wutar lantarki.

Daga cikin abubuwa da yawa, garanti na farko da la'akari ya kamata su kasance amincin cajin baturin wutar lantarki, wanda ke nufin ƙirƙira mahimman abubuwan sarrafa caji na keɓaɓɓu dangane da nau'ikan batura masu ƙarfi da saka idanu da sarrafa tsarin yayin caji. A halin da ake ciki na tsarin sarrafa baturi da fasaha na caji, ya zama mai yiwuwa a gano ma'auni na sel guda ɗaya a cikin tsarin baturi yayin aikin caji. Don haka, don tabbatar da amincin caji, yakamata a kula da sigogin sel batir ɗaya gwargwadon iko.

Dangane da dabarun sarrafa caji, akwai bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci tsakanin batura da aka haɗa da sel guda ɗaya. A halin yanzu, ana amfani da hanyoyi da yawa, galibi ta hanyar sadarwa tsakanin Tsarin Gudanar da Baturi (BMS) da caja, don sarrafa caji dangane da ma'auni na sel guda ɗaya a cikin fakitin baturi. Babban ra'ayin sarrafawa shine haɓaka ƙarfin fakitin baturi mai amfani yayin tabbatar da amincin baturi. Ma'auni na sel baturi ɗaya suna da matuƙar mahimmanci don tabbatar da amincin caji. Don haka, dabarun sarrafa ma'aunin caji sau da yawa yana ɗaukar hanyar daidaita sigogin caji bisa matsananciyar dabi'u, wanda ke nufin mayar da hankali kan ma'auni na matsananciyar sel guda ɗaya a cikin tsarin baturi bisa ga nau'ikan baturi daban-daban. Motocin lantarki sukan yi amfani da ka'idar fifiko da tsarin baturin wutar lantarki ya bayar da tsarin zagayowar tunani Tebura 11-3 don aiwatar da gyare-gyaren ma'aunin caji gabaɗaya, kiyaye matsananciyar sigogi a cikin fakitin baturi a cikin iyakataccen kewayon.

Ɗaukar baturi na manganese oxide na lithium a matsayin misali, ana yin caji ta amfani da tsarin wutar lantarki akai-akai - na yau da kullum. Yayin aiwatar da caji, mayar da hankali na farko shine gano nau'in wutar lantarki guda ɗaya a cikin fakitin baturi. Idan kowane irin ƙarfin lantarki na kowane mutum ya zarce matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙarfin da aka yarda da shi (kamar 4.25V), jimlar cajin iyaka na yanzu ya kamata a rage don sarrafa haɓakar irin ƙarfin lantarki na mutum ɗaya. A lokaci guda, ana gano zafin baturi a lokaci-lokaci. Idan kowane zafin jiki na mutum ɗaya ya wuce matsakaicin zazzabi na fakitin baturi da digiri 5, ya kamata a rage iyakar caji na yanzu, yana iyakance ƙimar zafin jiki. Ƙarƙashin ingantaccen sarrafawa da sarrafawa, daidaitawar iyakar ƙarfin lantarki kuma na iya dogara ne akan canje-canjen zafin cajin baturi. Misali, lokacin da zafin baturi ya kasance a cikin ƙananan kewayon, ana ɗaga iyakar ƙarfin caji don ƙara ƙarfin cajin fakitin baturi; lokacin da zafin baturin yana cikin kewayo mafi girma, ana saukar da iyakar ƙarfin caji don tabbatar da amincin baturi.

Tebur 11-3 Mahimmancin Dabarun Sarrafa Ma'aunin Caji don Fakitin Baturi

Yanayin Gudanar da Cajin Tsarin Batir

Aiwatar da dabarar caji na buƙatar ingantaccen watsa bayanai da kuma ainihin hukuncin ma'aunin lokaci tsakanin tsarin baturi da caja. Tsarin Gudanar da Baturi (BMS) yana kammala aikin tattara sigogi a cikin tsarin baturi. A lokaci guda, yayin aikin caji mai wayo na yanzu, ta hanyar sadarwa tare da caja, yana tabbatar da amincin tsarin caji kuma yana samun ingantaccen iko na baturi.

Ana nuna ainihin tsarin tsarin tsarin sarrafa caji a cikin hoto 11-12.

Ayyukan BMS shine don cimma kulawa ta kan layi na matsayin baturi (zazzabi na baturi, ƙarfin lantarki na mutum ɗaya, aiki na yanzu, rufi tsakanin baturi da cajin caji), ƙimar SOC, nazarin matsayi (ko SOC yayi girma sosai, ko zafin baturin ya yi girma / ƙasa, ko ƙarfin lantarki na mutum ɗaya yana da girma / ƙasa, haɓakar zazzabi na baturi yana da sauri, ko rashin ƙarfi, ko akwai matsala akan baturi, ko akwai matsala akan baturi, ko akwai matsala akan baturin fakitin yana da kurakurai, ko kuskuren sadarwa, da sauransu) da aiwatar da kula da yanayin zafi mai mahimmanci. Babban ayyukan caja sune canjin wuta, rufaffiyar{2}} sarrafa madauki na ƙarfin fitarwa da na yanzu, kariya mai mahimmanci, da sadarwa tare da BMS don cimma cikakkiyar fahimtar yanayin baturi da daidaitawa mai ƙarfi na fitarwa na halin yanzu. Lokacin da ake buƙatar cajin fakitin baturi, baya ga manyan layukan wutar lantarki masu inganci da mara kyau na fitarwar cajar da ke buƙatar haɗawa da fakitin baturi, ana kuma ƙara layin sadarwa don raba bayanai tsakanin BMS da caja.

Wannan yanayin caji yana kafa hanyar sadarwa tsakanin tsarin sarrafa baturi da tsarin caja, yana ba da damar raba bayanai. Wannan yana ba da damar sigogi masu alaƙa da aminci, kamar ƙarfin lantarki, zafin jiki, da aikin rufewa na baturin a duk lokacin aikin caji, don shiga cikin sarrafa caji da sarrafa baturin. Wannan yana bawa caja damar fahimtar yanayin baturi da bayaninsa sosai, kuma don daidaita cajin halin yanzu yadda ya kamata, yadda ya kamata ya hana wuce kima da matsanancin zafi a cikin dukkan batura da ke cikin fakitin, ta haka inganta amincin jerin cajin baturi mai alaƙa-. Bugu da ƙari, wannan yanayin caji yana inganta gudanarwa da ayyukan sarrafawa na BMS, yana haɓaka aminci da hankali na caji, kuma yana sauƙaƙa aiki mai banƙyama na saita sigogin caji ta mai aiki da caja, yana ba caja mafi dacewa da daidaitawa. A wannan yanayin, caja baya buƙatar bambanta tsakanin nau'ikan baturi; kawai yana buƙatar karɓar umarni na yanzu wanda BMS ya bayar don cimma amintaccen caji.

Hanyoyin Cajin Tsarin Batir

Dangane da hanyoyin aiki daban-daban, ana iya raba cajin batir na motocin lantarki zuwa hanyoyi biyu: cajin ƙasa da cajin allo.

Hanyar Cajin ƙasa

Lokacin da abin hawa ke buƙatar ƙarin caji, ana cire baturin da ke buƙatar caji daga abin hawa, kuma ana shigar da cikakken cajin baturi. Motar ta fita don ci gaba da aiki ko aikace-aikace, kuma batirin da aka cire yana ƙara ta amfani da tsarin caji na ƙasa. Yarda da hanyar cajin ƙasa yana da fa'ida don kula da baturi, haɓaka rayuwar baturi da ingancin amfani da abin hawa, amma yana sanya buƙatu masu girma akan abin hawa da wuraren caji/kayan aiki. Ana ƙara raba cajin ƙasa zuwa cajin akwati da cajin fakitin haɗin gwiwa.

(1)Cajin AkwatinYayin cajin akwati, kowane caja yana cajin akwati ɗaya na baturi a cikin fakitin baturi kuma yana sadarwa tare da sassan sarrafa baturi don kammala sarrafa caji. Wannan hanyar tana da fa'ida don haɓaka daidaiton fakitin baturi da tsawaita rayuwar sabis. Koyaya, yana buƙatar adadin caja masu yawa, haɗi da yawa tsakanin fakitin baturi da caja, cibiyar sadarwa mai rikitarwa, da tsada mai girma. An nuna tsarinsa a cikin hoto 11-13. da kuma bukatun fasahar aikace-aikacensa

dandamali. Daga cikin su, an haɗa dandalin caji zuwa tushen wutar lantarki na DC daidai da ƙarancin wutar lantarki{1} abin hawa, rumbun ajiyar baturi, mai haɗin sadarwa na caja, mai haɗa fitarwar caja, da firikwensin ƙararrawa. Lokacin da aka sanya akwati ɗaya na baturi akan dandamalin caji, ƙarancin wutar lantarki{3}} yana ba da ƙarfi ga sashin sarrafa baturi. Caja da naúrar sarrafa baturi suna sadarwa don cimma nasarar sarrafa caji, kuma ana watsa makamashi daga caja zuwa baturi ta hanyar haɗin fitarwa na caja. Na'urori masu auna firikwensin ƙararrawa, na'urori masu auna zafin jiki, da sauransu, sun gane akan{7}} sa ido kan rukunin yanar gizon yayin aikin caji.

Lokacin amfani da cajin akwati, tsarin jadawalin baturi yana buƙatar saka idanu da sarrafa adadi, inganci, da matsayi na duk batura a cikin ainihin lokaci, yin ayyuka kamar ajiyar baturi, sauyawa, sake{1} haɗakarwa, daidaita fakitin baturi, ainihin gwajin ƙarfin aiki, da kula da kurakuran baturi na gaggawa.

(2)Cajin Kunshin Haɗin KaiTare da cajin fakitin haɗin kai, duk akwatunan baturi da aka cire daga motar lantarki ana haɗa su ta hanyar da ake amfani da su akan abin hawa. Ana amfani da caja guda ɗaya don cajin fakitin baturi, kuma duk sassan sarrafa baturi suna sadarwa tare da Mai watsa shiri na sarrafa baturi da caja don kammala sarrafa caji. Wannan hanyar tana buƙatar ƙarancin caja kuma tana da hanyar sadarwa mai sauƙi, amma idan aka kwatanta da hanyar cajin akwatin, daidaiton fakitin baturi ya fi talauci, kuma rayuwar sabis ya fi guntu. An nuna tsarinsa a cikin hoto 11-14.

Ana nuna kwatancen hanyoyin caji biyu a cikin Tebura 11-4.

Tebur 11-4 Kwatanta Hanyoyin Caji Biyu

Akan -Tsarin Cajin allo

Lokacin da abin hawa ke buƙatar ƙarin caji, ana haɗa caja zuwa filogi na caji, kuma ana iya cajin baturin kai tsaye ba tare da an cire shi daga motar ba, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto 11-15. Fa'idodinsa tsari ne mai sauƙi na caji kuma baya haɗa da matakai kamar ajiyar baturi ko maye gurbin baturi. Koyaya, lokacin cajin abin hawa yana ɗaukar aikin motar ko lokacin aikace-aikacen, yana haifar da ƙarancin amfani da abin hawa da kuma sanya shi ƙasa da dacewa don kiyaye daidaiton fakitin baturi da tsawaita rayuwar sabis.

Hanyar cajin allo ana gudanar da ita ta hanyar layin haɗin kan cajar allo da cibiyar sadarwa ta kan{2}, da cibiyar sadarwar CAN ta cikin motar lantarki, tana sadarwa tare da mai kula da baturi na allo don kammala sarrafa caji. Ana nuna tsarin sadarwar cajin allo a kan - a hoto na 11-16.

Akwai nau'ikan caja guda biyu da ake amfani da su akan cajin allo{{0}. Ɗayan ita ce cajar allo da aka sanya kuma tana ɗauke da abin hawa, wanda gabaɗaya yana da ƙarancin wuta, yawanci ƙasa da 5KW don sedan na lantarki, tare da ƙaramin caji da dogon lokacin caji. Wannan ya dace da motocin lantarki waɗanda ke caji da daddare kuma ana amfani da su da rana. Ɗayan shine kashe caja mai sauri{6}, wanda gabaɗaya yana tabbatar da cewa an caje motar a cikin mintuna 30, wanda zai iya ƙara isassun wutar lantarki don abin hawa don tafiya sama da kilomita 50. Sedans na lantarki waɗanda aka kera suna buƙatar haɗin haɗin cajar allo da saurin caja don biyan bukatun aikace-aikacen waɗannan caja guda biyu, wanda ke nufin samun musaya biyu da aka tsara a layi daya. Hoto na 11-17 yana nuna yanayin caji na motar lantarki ta Nissan Leaf.