Menene aikace-aikacen daidaitawar tantanin halitta a cikin batirin lithium? {0} Polinovel

Na yi kusan shekaru 12 ina yin fakitin baturi da ƙirar BMS. Duk lokacin da wani ya tambaye ni "Mene ne daidai yake daidaitawa?", Ina kawai nuna musu hotuna guda biyu: ɗaya shine 2{3}} shekara{5}} fakitin e-bike 36 V ba tare da daidaitawa ba (rabin sel a 1.8 V, sauran a 4.18 V), ɗayan shine tsari ɗaya tare da 100 mA mai wucewa bayan shekaru 12 mV. Wannan shine duka batu a hoto daya.

A cikin fakiti na gaske, sel ba a taɓa yin daidai ba. Ɗauki iri 100 -sabbin ƙwayoyin sel na Samsung 50E daga tire iri ɗaya: ƙarfin yaɗuwar yawanci ±30 mAh, ƙimar fitar da kai{5} na iya bambanta da sau 2-3, kuma juriya na ciki na iya bambanta 3-5 mΩ. Bayan zagayowar 200 masu rauni suna faɗuwa a baya har ma da ƙari. Ba tare da daidaitawa ba, mafi ƙarancin tantanin halitta akan caji da mafi ƙarfi akan fiddawa ana sarrafa ƙarfin fakitin. Kuna rasa 20-40% ƙarfin amfani a cikin shekarar farko kaɗai.

Active Cell Balancing

Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu kacal mutane a zahiri daidaitawa wajen samarwa:

Wannan shine abin da 95% na fakitin da ke ƙarƙashin 20 kWh ke amfani da su.
Na gaske chips za ku gani a kan alluna:

TI BQ769x2 / BQ769x3 / BQ78z100

Analog na'urorin LTC6804 / LTC6811 / LTC6813

Saukewa: MAX14920

Saukewa: MC33772

Yawan jini na yanzu: 80-150 mA (BQ76952 na iya tura 220 mA idan kun yi daidai da fil biyu).
Ƙimar juriya a cikin samarwa da yawa: kusan ko da yaushe 27 Ω ko 33 Ω 2512 1 W kunshin.
Saitunan tayar da hankali da nake amfani da su a zahiri:
Fara zub da jini a 15-25 mV sama da matsakaicin fakiti yayin CV, tsayawa lokacin da delta ya faɗi ƙasa da 6-8 mV.
Idan kuna ƙoƙarin korar 2 mV kawai za ku dafa allon har abada.

Zafi shine ainihin matsalar. Fakitin babur 16s tare da jini 100mA na iya zubar da 7-8 W kai tsaye zuwa PCB BMS. Shi ya sa waɗancan allunan e-keke na dala 20{7} arha ke fashe kuma su fashe bayan rani ɗaya a rana.

Da zarar kun hau sama ~ 30 kWh kusan kowa yana canzawa zuwa aiki.

Misalai na gaskiya na duniya da na tsaga:

Model Tesla S/X (2012-2021): ƙananan DC{2} tubalin DC akan HVJB, ~ 1 A kowane module

BMW i3 (duk shekaru): inductive transformer module, 24-to-1 rabo, game da 2 A.

Fakitin BYD Blade: yawo{0}}allon capacitor dangane da ƙirar Infineon TLF35568

Dodanni na ma'auni na China: keɓancewar DC{0}Modulolin DC suna motsi 15-20 A a cikin duka igiyoyin V 700

Kashe{0}}atunan shelfe{1} a zahiri mutane suna siya:

1-2 Koren AliExpress mai tashi -allon allo (wadanda ke da ƴan relays 8-16)

Heltec / Orion BMS Gen4 / REC Q / Dilithium: 5-8 A tare da sanyaya mai kyau

Cell Balancing

Yawancin OEMs kawai suna daidaitawa a saman 10-15% na SoC saboda yanayin wutar lantarki ya yi yawa ƙasa da 3.45 V (NMC) ko 3.40 V (LFP).
Tesla waits until >90% SoC kuma kawai yana gudanar da daidaitawa na mintuna 30-60 na ƙarshe na caji.
Bukatun na BMW i3 na 2017 yana nuna ma'aunin inductive yana farkawa ne kawai lokacin da delta> 30 mV da fakitin halin yanzu <5 A.

Ina da aljihun tebur mai cike da 2016-2018 ƙananan fakitin EV{2} daga babban yankin China wanda ya ceci $0.80 ta hanyar share masu hana jini. Bayan watanni 18 sel masu rauni suna tafiya mara kyau kowane fitarwa, jan ƙarfe yana narkewa, dendrites girma, mai rarrabawa yana narkewa, wuta. Na kalli fakitin 72 V 20 Ah sun ragu zuwa 8-9 Ah mai amfani a cikin watanni 14. Sanya ma'auni mai aiki na $ 12 akan su kuma sun dawo zuwa 18-19 Ah. Darasi ya koyi hanya mai wuyar gaske.

Ƙarƙashin 15 kWh → m yana da kyau kuma zai kasance har abada (scooters, lantarki kayan aikin, drones)

400 V+ or >50 kWh → aiki ko za ku kasance masu musanya kayayyaki kowace shekara

Kowane daidaitaccen EV da aka sayar a yau yana da daidaitawa. Maɓallin kawai shine ko yana da 33 Ω resistor ko allon aiki na $300.

Wannan shine daidaitawar tantanin halitta. Babu wani abu na sihiri. Kawai dakatar da kyakyawan sel daga zama ɗan'uwan malalaci wanda ya yanke shawarar tsufa da sauri.

Cell Balancing