Cajin Batirin Lithium Forklift Mafi kyawun Ayyuka don Ayyukan Warehouse
Na shafe shekaru bakwai a cikin sayayya ga wannan masana'antar, da hannu cikin ƙila ashirin{0}} da haɓaka tsarin batir na sito. Rubuta wannan saboda akwai wadataccen abun ciki game da "lithium vs gubar" amma kusan babu wani abu da ya bayyana yadda ake cajin waɗannan abubuwa yadda ya kamata.
Yi kuskuren cajin kuma ko da batura masu tsada ba za su iya bayarwa ba.
Cajin Damar Shin Amsar Dama ce kaɗai don Ayyukan Shift da yawa
Bari in sa ƙarshe a gaba. Idan ma'ajin ku na tafiyar matakai biyu ko uku, manta da caji na al'ada. Tafi kai tsaye zuwa damar caji.
Dalilin yana da sauƙi: baturan lithium ba su damu da cajin wani ɓangare ba. Haƙiƙa suna ƙin cikakken zagayowar fitarwa. Gwajin Jami'ar Baturi ya nuna cewa kiyaye SOC tsakanin 20% zuwa 80% na iya tsawaita rayuwar sake zagayowar ta sau 2 zuwa 3 (batteryuniversity.com). Lead{8}Acid akasin haka, yana buƙatar cikakken caji don guje wa sulfation. Gaba daya daban-daban dabaru.
Yadda cajin damar ke aiki a aikace: mai aiki yana toshewa yayin hutun abincin rana, yana ƙara cajin 15% zuwa 20% a cikin mintuna 15. Wani minti 20 a canjin canji. Kudi uku ko hudu a cikin yini, SOC yana tsayawa tsakanin 40% da 85%. Babu musanya baturi. Babu dakin baturi da ake bukata.
Mafi kyawun abin da na gani shine abokan ciniki suna siyan batirin lithium sannan suyi amfani da su kamar gubar{0}}acid. Gudu zuwa 20% kowace rana, caji zuwa 100% na dare. Yi hakan kuma lithium ɗin ku bazai ma dawwama ba muddin gubar gubar - zai yi. Kudi a banza.
Hanyar yin caji ya dogara da tsarin canjin ku:
Juya guda ɗaya, ƙasa da awanni 8 kowace rana: caji na al'ada yana aiki lafiya. Cajin dare, gudu duk yini. Fa'idodin lithium anan galibi suna kulawa da sifili kuma ba a buƙatar batir ɗin ajiya da ake buƙata.
Sauya sau biyu ko tsawaita ayyuka: cajin dama daidai ne. Ana buƙatar rarraba caja a kusa da wurin. Karye wuraren, canza wuraren canja wuri, kusa da kofofin tashar jirgin ruwa.
24/7 babban ƙarfi: caji mai sauri tare da cajin damar. Amma a gaskiya, caji mai sauri yana buƙatar kulawar zafi mai tsanani. Fakitin baturi mai arha ba za su iya ɗauka ba.
| Yanayin Aiki | Nasihar Cajin | Tsarin Caja | Adadin baturi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sauya ɗaya | Na al'ada | Tsakiyya, dakin baturi | 1:1 ya isa |
| Sau biyu | Dama | Rarraba, wuraren karya / wuraren canji | 1:1, babu madadin da ake bukata |
| Sau uku / 24hr | Mai sauri + Dama | An rarraba babban yawa | 1: 1, amma mafi girma iya aiki da ake bukata |
Ayyukan gubar na gargajiya -acid yana gudanar da batura 2 zuwa 3 a kowace babbar mota. Daya ana amfani, daya caji, daya sanyaya. Lithium baya buƙatar kowane ɗayan waɗannan. Mota daya, baturi daya, cajin damar damar yin amfani da sauran. Wannan kadai ya tanadi kashi 60% akan farashin siyan baturi.
Zaɓin Ƙarfi: Yawancin Mutane Suna Samun Wannan Kuskure
Abokin ciniki ya tambaye ni watan da ya gabata, 48V 400Ah ko 48V 700Ah, bambancin farashin kusan $8,000. Hankalinsa na farko shine siyan karami, ya ajiye kudi.
Na ce: sauyi nawa? Biyu. Caja nawa? Hudu, duk a cikin dakin baturi. Ana son haɓaka kayan aikin caji? A'a, wahala da yawa.
Sannan kuna buƙatar 700Ah.
Karamin ƙarfi yana nufin ƙarin caji akai-akai{0}Ah baturi da ke aiki sau biyu yana buƙatar aƙalla caji biyu don ci gaba da yini. Idan caja duk suna cikin ɗakin baturi, masu aiki dole ne su koma baya musamman don caji. Tafiyar zagaye da lokacin jira, aƙalla mintuna 20 kowane lokaci. Sau biyu a rana yana da minti 40 kowace babbar mota. Motoci 20 ne mintuna 800 a kullum, kusan awanni 13 na rashin aikin yi.
700Ah baturi tare da cajin dama guda ɗaya da safe, ɗaya a abincin rana, yana shiga rana. Babu tafiye-tafiye na musamman baya zuwa dakin baturi.
Tabbas, idan kuna son rarraba caja zuwa wuraren karya, 400Ah yana aiki. Amma wannan yana buƙatar aikin lantarki. Gudun magudanar ruwa, shigar da Breakers, watakila haɓaka babban panel. Kudin gyare-gyare na iya wuce bambancin farashin baturi.
Shawarwarina:
Sauye-sauye biyu, ba sa son canza abubuwan more rayuwa: siyan iya aiki mafi girma, 600Ah ko sama.
Sauye-sauye biyu, suna son yin shigarwar caja mai rarraba: 400 zuwa 500Ah yana da kyau, sanya ajiyar kuɗi a cikin caja da aikin lantarki.
Juya guda ɗaya: babu buƙatar babban ƙarfin, 400Ah tare da caji na al'ada, ajiye kuɗi.
Matsakaicin babban ƙarfi uku: aƙalla 700Ah, haɗe tare da caji mai sauri, kuma fakitin baturi dole ne ya sami kulawar thermal mai aiki (mai sanyaya ruwa ko iska mai tilastawa). In ba haka ba kada ku damu.
ROI: Lambobin Gaskiya na Ƙarfafa Ƙwararru
Na tattara ainihin bayanai daga ayyukan da aka kammala. Waɗannan ba lambobin ƙasida ba ne. Sakamakon gaske daga abokan ciniki na gaske.
Aikin Daya: Texas 3PL Warehouse
Tawagar manyan motoci 50, a baya akan gubar -acid tare da batura 2.5 akan kowace babbar mota (wasu suna da 2, wasu suna da 3). Dakin baturi mai sadaukarwa tare da samun iska da tashar wanke ido.
Bayan juyar da lithium: Adadin baturi ya ragu daga 125 zuwa 50. An rushe dakin baturi, an canza shi zuwa sararin ajiya. Ma'aikatan kulawa sun yanke daga 2 zuwa 0.5 (yanzu suna yin wasu ayyuka - lokaci). Farashin wutar lantarki ya ragu da kashi 41%.
Shekara takwas - jimlar kwatanta farashi: gubar{1} tsarin acid $6.6 miliyan, tsarin lithium $3.7 miliyan. An adana dala miliyan 2.9, raguwar kashi 56%. Siyan tsabar kuɗi ya kasance watanni 31. Tare da tallafin EaaS, ingantaccen tsabar kuɗi daga shekara ta ɗaya (ugowork.com).
Aiki Na Biyu: Cibiyar Rarraba Ma'ajiyar Sanyi
12 sun isa manyan motoci, mahalli a rage Fahrenheit 20. Gubar -Batura acid suna rasa ƙarfin 30% zuwa 40% a waɗannan yanayin zafi, kuma ba za su iya yin caji cikin sanyi ba, don haka ɗakin baturi mai zafi ya zama dole.
Canja zuwa LFP lithium tare da haɗaɗɗen dumama. An kawar da dakin baturi mai zafi (ajiye $80,{2}} farashin gini da $12,000 aiki na shekara). Adadin baturi ya tafi daga 1:3 zuwa 1:1. Bayarwa a cikin watanni 17.
A cikin yanayin ajiyar sanyi, fa'idar lithium yana da yawa. Kada ku wuce gona da iri, canza kawai. Bayanai na Crown sun nuna fakitin lithium ɗin su suna riƙe da ƙarfi 98% a cikin ajiyar sanyi inda gubar - acid ya faɗi zuwa 60% (crown.com).
Aikin Uku: Ƙananan Jirgin Ruwa
Motoci 10, aikin motsi daya. Gaskiya, ROI ba shi da kyau a wannan sikelin. Biyan baya ya miƙe watanni 28 da suka wuce. Abokin ciniki ya canza ta wata hanya, babban dalilin shine ba za su iya jure juriyar gubar ba kuma. Ƙara ruwa, tsaftacewa tashoshi, ma'amala da zubewar acid. Mutumin da suke kula da su ya daina kuma ba su sami wanda ke son yin wannan aikin ba.
Shekaru biyar jimlar tanadi sama da $50,000. Ba babba ba, amma kwanciyar hankali ta ƙidaya (leochlithium.us).
Takaddun Kuɗi dalla-dalla
Ka'idar tana da iyakantaccen lallashi. Bari in karya ainihin farashi na aikin mota guda 20 - sama da shekaru 5:
Jagora{0}Tsarin Acid:
- Siyan baturi: $4,500 kowanne, 2.5 kowace babbar mota, jimlar 50=$225,000
- Caja: 20 caja na al'ada a $3,000 kowace=$60,000
- Ginin dakin baturi: samun iska, abun da ke cikin acid, tashar wankin ido, shingen hadari=$45,000
- Wutar Lantarki na shekara 5: a 75% zuwa 80% cajin yadda ya dace=$156,000
- Aikin kulawa na shekaru 5: Minti 15 zuwa 30 a kowace baturi a mako guda (shayarwa, dubawa, tsaftacewa)=$87,500
- Sauya baturi na shekara 4: gubar -acid yana ɗaukar kusan zagayowar 1,500, sauyi biyu yana nufin shekaru 3 zuwa 4 sannan sauyawa, batir 40 ( ɗauka har yanzu ana amfani da 10)=$180,000
Jimlar Shekaru 5: $753,500
Tsarin Lithium:
- Siyan baturi: $16,000 kowanne, jimlar 20=$320,000
- Caja: 12 damar caja (lithium yana sauri sauri, baya buƙatar 1:1), $4,500 kowane=$54,000
- gyare-gyaren lantarki: shigarwar caja da aka rarraba, magudanar ruwa da masu karyawa=$20,000 (yana zaton ba a buƙatar babban haɓakawa)
- Lantarki na shekara 5: a 95% zuwa 98% inganci=$94,000
- Aikin kulawa na shekaru 5: ainihin sifili don lithium, kasafin kuɗi $ 8,000 don batutuwan lokaci-lokaci
- Sauya baturi: ba a buƙata, lithium yana ɗaukar hawan keke 3,000 zuwa 5,000, ba zai yi amfani da hakan ba cikin shekaru 5
Jimlar Shekaru 5: $476,000
Bambanci: $277,500 ajiya, 37% raguwa
Dubi bambancin tsarin farashi. Lead{1}Acid yana da ɗimbin ɓoyayyun farashi: ginin ɗakin baturi, aikin kulawa mai gudana, maye gurbin taro na shekara 4. Babu ɗayan waɗannan da ke nunawa akan ƙimar farko, amma ba za ku iya guje wa shi a cikin ainihin ayyukan ba.
Shirye-shiryen Kayan Aiki Dole ne Ya Faru da wuri
Kusan ya hana wani aiki a bara. Abokin ciniki ya gama samar da batir, kwangilar da aka sanya hannu, ajiya da aka biya, sannan ya kawo dan kwangilar lantarki don tantancewa. An gano babban kwamitin su ya riga ya iya aiki. Ƙara caja 10 ana buƙatar haɓaka taswira, an faɗi $180,000. Kasafin kudin aikin ya cika, kusan an soke shi.
Cajin lithium yana jawo ƙarfi mai tsanani. Caja mai sauri 48V guda ɗaya shine 15 zuwa 25kW. A sabis na 480V wanda ke kusan 30 zuwa 60 amps. Caja goma suna gudana lokaci guda suna ƙara buƙatar 150 zuwa 250kW zuwa wurin aikin ku.
Kafin aiwatar da kowane maganin baturi, sa ɗan kwangilar lantarki ya kimanta:
- Babban fakitin ragowar ƙarfin da akwai ramummuka masu karyawa
- Ƙimar Transformer da yawan lodi na yanzu
- Gudanar da zirga-zirga daga panel zuwa kowane wurin caji
- Ko ƙarin cajin caji zai haifar da cajin buƙatar kayan aiki
480V guda uku - shine mafi kyawu. Mafi girman inganci, mafi ƙarancin farashin tagulla. Amma yawancin tsofaffin ɗakunan ajiya suna da 208V ko 240V kawai. Haɓaka zuwa 480V yana buƙatar ƙara na'urar wuta, $15,000 zuwa $30,000 an shigar.
Wasu abubuwan amfani suna ba da lokaci{0}}na{1}} amfani tare da rangwamen kashi 20% zuwa 30% yayin kashewa{4}}yawan sa'o'i (yawanci 10 na dare zuwa 6 na safe). Idan aikin ku ya ba da damar yin caji na dare, yana da daraja samun caja tare da tsara shirye-shirye don kama waɗancan ajiyar.
Daidaituwar BMS yana haifar da Matsaloli fiye da yadda kuke tsammani
Kowane baturi na lithium yana da BMS (Tsarin Gudanar da Baturi). Masana'antun daban-daban suna aiwatar da BMS daban-daban.
Matsalolin da ni kaina na fuskanta:
Abokin ciniki ya sayi batura na China masu tsada. An shigar dasu, dashboard forklift da aka gano bai nuna matakin caji ba. Sigar ka'idar BMS CAN ba ta dace da babbar motar ba. Batura sunyi aiki, amma masu aiki ba su da masaniyar adadin cajin da ya rage. Motoci sun mutu a cikin tituna sau da yawa kafin su kashe $3,{5}} suna samun dillalin forklift don sake saita sigogi.
Wani batu shine iyakancewar BMS na yanzu. Lead{1}Acid na iya isar da babban halin yanzu. Hanzarta ƙaru, hawan tudu, yana sarrafa duk abin da motar ke buƙata. Lithium BMS yana ƙuntata fitarwa na yanzu don kare sel. Ya zarce kololuwar ƙima kuma yana yanke nan da nan. Wani a kan dandalin Machinist Practical Machinist ya bayyana shi a fili: "BMS yana iyakance fitar da halin yanzu. Don haka tabbatar da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun abubuwan zana na forklift na amp ɗin ku kuma tabbatar da ƙimar batirin halin yanzu ya rufe buƙatun kololuwa. BMS ba zai ƙyale spikes na ɗan lokaci kamar yadda gubar ke yi" (practicalmachinist.com).
Kariyar yanayin zafi wani abu ne. Madaidaicin BMS ya hana caji ƙasa da digiri 0 (digiri 32 F) saboda cajin sanyi yana haifar da platin lithium akan anode. Dindindin, asarar iya aiki mara jurewa. Amma wasu rahusa masu arha suna da ƙananan ƙofofin ko babu kariya kwata-kwata. Yi caji a cikin ɗakin ajiya mara zafi lokacin hunturu kuma kuna iya lalata baturin.
Bayanan BMS don tabbatarwa kafin siyan:
Ƙofar kariya ta wuce gona da iri (LFP yakamata ya zama 3.65V kowace tantanin halitta). Ƙarƙashin ƙarfin wutar lantarki (2.5V kowace tantanin halitta). Matsakaicin ci gaba da fitarwa na yanzu. Kololuwar fitarwa na halin yanzu da lokacin izini. Yanke cajin ƙarancin zafin jiki. High zafin jiki kariya. CAN Protocol version. Ko yana goyan bayan sadarwar ƙasa tare da alamar forklift ku.
Samu tabbaci a rubuce daga mai kaya. Kada ka ɗauki kalmar mai siyar kawai cewa "ta dace." Idan bai dace ba bayan shigarwa, dawowa da jayayya na iya ɗaukar tsawon watanni.
Takaddun shaida Ba Zabi bane
UL 2580 shine ma'aunin aminci don batirin lithium a aikace-aikacen motocin lantarki. Gwaje-gwaje sun haɗa da gajeriyar amsawar da'ira, halin cajin da ya wuce kima, girgiza injina, ƙunsar zafi mai gudu.
Wannan takaddun shaida yana da mahimmanci don dalilai guda biyu: na farko, ƙirar baturi an tabbatar da - ɓangare na uku. Na biyu, kamfanonin inshora sun gane shi.
Idan ba tare da UL 2580 ba, inshorar ku bazai rufe abubuwan da suka faru ba ko ƙimar kuɗi ta haura sosai. Wasu batura da aka shigo da su sun fi arha saboda sun tsallake satifiket. Tambayi game da shi. Idan babu takaddun shaida na UL kuma wani abu ya faru ba daidai ba, kuna iya ɗaukar duk abin alhaki da kanku.
Tabbatar da sahihancin takaddun shaida ta hanyar bayanan yanar gizo na UL. Kada ka amince da lakabin akan baturi kawai. Ana iya yin karya.
Kasuwannin Turai kuma suna buƙatar IEC 62619 da EN 1175:2020.
Lokacin da Canjin Lithium baya yin hankali
Ayyukan motsi guda ɗaya. Awanni aiki na shekara ƙasa da 1,500 kowace babbar mota. Fleet ya tsufa kuma ana shirin maye gurbinsa cikin shekaru 3. Kowane ɗayan waɗannan sharuɗɗan yana sa lithium ROI yayi rauni.
Juyawa guda ɗaya yana nufin kuna da dukkan dare don caji. Amfanin cajin damar lithium baya amfani. Ajiye tanadi da ingancin wutar lantarki yana buƙatar shekaru da yawa don daidaita farashin siyayya mafi girma.
Tsohon jirgin ruwa lamari ne na lokaci. Sanya batir $18,000 akan tsofaffin manyan motoci na shekaru 15{4}}{{8} da za'a soke a cikin shekaru 3 yana bata kudi. Baturi ya wuce kayan aiki. Zai fi kyau jira da ƙayyadaddun manyan motocin lithium masu shirye lokacin da kuke maye gurbin jirgin ruwa.
Har ila yau: jiragen ruwa a karkashin manyan motoci 5. Kayayyakin gine-gine da farashin sarrafa ayyuka sun bazu kan raka'a kaɗan. Biyan baya yana miƙewa cikin rashin jin daɗi. Zai fi kyau a tsaya tare da gubar -acid har sai girman rundunar ya girma ko kayan aiki sun canza.
Me Zanyi Gaba
Idan kuna la'akari da canjin lithium, ga yadda za ku kusanci shi:
Fara rubuta halin ku na yanzu. Musanya baturi nawa ne a kowane lokaci? Menene lissafin wutar lantarki? Nawa aiki ke shiga cikin kulawa? Yawancin ɗakunan ajiya ba su da wannan bayanan. M kimomi suna aiki. Kuna buƙatar tushe don lissafin ROI a gaba.
Samo shawarwari daga masu samar da kayayyaki biyu ko uku. Raymond, Flux Power, Green Cubes, OneCharge duk suna da ƙididdiga na kan layi, amma zato na ƙila ba zai dace da ainihin aikin ku ba. Tambaye su don gudanar da bincike na al'ada bisa lambobi.
Kima na lantarki dole ne ya faru kafin ƙaddamarwa ga mai siyarwa. Shigar da dan kwangilar ku don duba yawan ɗakin ɗakin da ke kan babban kwamiti. Kar ku gano bayan sanya hannu kan kwangiloli cewa kuna buƙatar $150,000 a haɓaka taswira.
tura matukin jirgi in zai yiwu. Maida manyan motoci 3 zuwa 5 da farko. Gudu na tsawon watanni uku, tattara bayanai na gaske, tabbatar da da'awar masu samarwa, bari masu aiki su dace da sabbin ayyukan caji, gyara matsaloli a ƙaramin sikelin. Mai rahusa fiye da fitar da jiragen ruwa{5}} fadi da gano al'amura daga baya.
Ayyukan Analysis Interact Kashi 81% na kayan aikin cokali na lantarki za su jigilar da batir lithium nan da 2034 (interactanalysis.com). Yanayin yana kulle a ciki. Tambaya kawai lokacin da kuka yi motsi.
Kuna son yin magana takamaiman? Girman jirgin ruwa, tsarin aiki, matsalolin abubuwan more rayuwa. Ka ba ni wannan bayanin kuma zan iya gudanar da ingantaccen kimanta halin da kake ciki.
